Show pagesourceOld revisionsBacklinksBack to top × Table of Contents PBR with netifd Introduction Guidelines Instructions Route LAN to VPN and DMZ to WAN Route LAN to VPN with failover to WAN Route LAN to VPN by IP set Route LAN to VPN with WAN port forwarding Route LAN to OpenVPN Override Tailscale Kill switch using IP routes Kill switch using IP rules PBR with netifd This article relies on the following: Accessing web interface / command-line interface Managing configs / packages / services / logs Introduction This how-to provides most common scenarios for PBR with netifd. It contains both IPv4 and IPv6 routing rules to prevent traffic leaks. Enable IPv6 NAT or NPT and disable IPv6 source filter if necessary. Follow Routing and PBR basics for common routing principles. Guidelines Assign each interface to a separate routing table. It makes netifd create essential rules automatically to simplify the setup. This isolates each default route resolving possible routing conflicts. Keep the default route enabled for each upstream interface. Multiple interfaces can be connected and used simultaneously by different clients. Do not duplicate static routes in different routing tables. Duplicating the same routes in different tables is redundant and pointless. Avoid adding routes on different interfaces to the same table. Create custom routing rules for each assigned routing table. Elevate routing decision on the level of routing rules. Abstract from the contents of routing tables for easier troubleshooting. Use a specific custom priority for each routing rule. A priority of about 30000 can override the main table. A priority of about 40000-80000 follows after the main table. Arrange more specific rules before less specific ones. Remember to prioritize tunnel endpoints and local addresses and subnets. Preferably use the main table only for tunnel endpoints. Optionally use the main table for one of the upstream interfaces. This can be useful in a trivial case to minimize configuration. It makes problematic to utilize high numeric priority values. Instructions Route LAN to VPN and DMZ to WAN Use custom routing tables and rules to prioritize routing LAN to VPN. Route DMZ to WAN by default. for IPV in 4 6 do uci set network.lan.ip${IPV}table="1" uci set network.vpn.ip${IPV}table="2" uci set network.dmz.ip${IPV}table="3" uci -q delete network.lan_vpn${IPV%4} uci set network.lan_vpn${IPV%4}="rule${IPV%4}" uci set network.lan_vpn${IPV%4}.in="lan" uci set network.lan_vpn${IPV%4}.lookup="2" uci set network.lan_vpn${IPV%4}.priority="30000" done uci commit network /etc/init.d/network restart Route LAN to VPN with failover to WAN Use custom routing tables and rules to prioritize routing LAN to VPN. Route LAN to WAN as fallback when VPN is down. for IPV in 4 6 do uci set network.lan.ip${IPV}table="1" uci set network.wan${IPV%4}.ip${IPV}table="2" uci -q delete network.lan_wan${IPV%4} uci set network.lan_wan${IPV%4}="rule${IPV%4}" uci set network.lan_wan${IPV%4}.in="lan" uci set network.lan_wan${IPV%4}.lookup="2" uci set network.lan_wan${IPV%4}.priority="40000" done uci commit network /etc/init.d/network restart Route LAN to VPN by IP set Route LAN traffic to VPN except destinations matching IP set. Mark LAN traffic with firewall to apply custom routing. for IPV in 4 6 do uci -q delete firewall.wan_set${IPV%4} uci set firewall.wan_set${IPV%4}="ipset" uci set firewall.wan_set${IPV%4}.name="wan${IPV%4}" uci set firewall.wan_set${IPV%4}.family="ipv${IPV}" uci set firewall.wan_set${IPV%4}.match="net" uci -q delete firewall.lan_mark${IPV%4} uci set firewall.lan_mark${IPV%4}="rule" uci set firewall.lan_mark${IPV%4}.name="Mark-LAN-VPN" uci set firewall.lan_mark${IPV%4}.src="lan" uci set firewall.lan_mark${IPV%4}.dest="*" uci set firewall.lan_mark${IPV%4}.ipset="!wan${IPV%4} dest" uci set firewall.lan_mark${IPV%4}.proto="all" uci set firewall.lan_mark${IPV%4}.family="ipv${IPV}" uci set firewall.lan_mark${IPV%4}.set_mark="0x1" uci set firewall.lan_mark${IPV%4}.target="MARK" uci set network.lan.ip${IPV}table="1" uci set network.vpn.ip${IPV}table="2" uci -q delete network.lan_vpn${IPV%4} uci set network.lan_vpn${IPV%4}="rule${IPV%4}" uci set network.lan_vpn${IPV%4}.in="lan" uci set network.lan_vpn${IPV%4}.mark="1" uci set network.lan_vpn${IPV%4}.lookup="2" uci set network.lan_vpn${IPV%4}.priority="30000" done uci commit firewall uci commit network /etc/init.d/firewall restart /etc/init.d/network restart Route LAN to VPN with WAN port forwarding Route all traffic to VPN except a webserver running in LAN and serving to WAN. Mark the webserver traffic with firewall to apply custom routing. uci -q delete firewall.lan_web uci set firewall.lan_web="rule" uci set firewall.lan_web.name="Mark-HTTPS" uci set firewall.lan_web.src="lan" uci set firewall.lan_web.src_mac="00:11:22:33:44:55" uci set firewall.lan_web.src_port="443" uci set firewall.lan_web.dest="*" uci set firewall.lan_web.proto="tcp" uci set firewall.lan_web.set_mark="0x1" uci set firewall.lan_web.target="MARK" for IPV in 4 6 do uci set network.lan.ip${IPV}table="1" uci set network.wan${IPV%4}.ip${IPV}table="2" uci -q delete network.lan_web${IPV%4} uci set network.lan_web${IPV%4}="rule${IPV%4}" uci set network.lan_web${IPV%4}.in="lan" uci set network.lan_web${IPV%4}.mark="1" uci set network.lan_web${IPV%4}.lookup="2" uci set network.lan_web${IPV%4}.priority="30000" done uci commit firewall uci commit network /etc/init.d/firewall restart /etc/init.d/network restart Route LAN to OpenVPN Use custom routing tables and rules to prioritize routing LAN to OpenVPN. Be sure to declare VPN interface and disable gateway redirection. for IPV in 4 6 do uci set network.lan.ip${IPV}table="1" uci set network.vpn.ip${IPV}table="2" uci -q delete network.vpn_rt${IPV%4} uci set network.vpn_rt${IPV%4}="route${IPV%4}" uci set network.vpn_rt${IPV%4}.interface="vpn" uci -q delete network.lan_vpn${IPV%4} uci set network.lan_vpn${IPV%4}="rule${IPV%4}" uci set network.lan_vpn${IPV%4}.in="lan" uci set network.lan_vpn${IPV%4}.lookup="2" uci set network.lan_vpn${IPV%4}.priority="30000" done uci set network.vpn_rt.target="0.0.0.0/0" uci set network.vpn_rt6.target="::/0" uci commit network /etc/init.d/network restart Override Tailscale Create rules to override the built-in runtime ones generated by Tailscale. for IPV in 4 6 do uci -q delete network.default${IPV%4} uci set network.default${IPV%4}="rule" uci set network.default${IPV%4}.lookup="main" uci set network.default${IPV%4}.priority="1" done uci commit network /etc/init.d/network restart Kill switch using IP routes Create prohibitive routes in the target routing table to prevent traffic leaks. Assuming the loopback interface is always up and the default route has a lower metric. for IPV in 4 6 do uci set network.vpn.ip${IPV}table="2" uci -q delete network.vpn_ks${IPV%4} uci set network.vpn_ks${IPV%4}="route${IPV%4}" uci set network.vpn_ks${IPV%4}.interface="loopback" uci set network.vpn_ks${IPV%4}.type="prohibit" uci set network.vpn_ks${IPV%4}.metric="9000" uci set network.vpn_ks${IPV%4}.table="2" done uci set network.vpn_ks.target="0.0.0.0/0" uci set network.vpn_ks6.target="::/0" uci commit network /etc/init.d/network restart Kill switch using IP rules Create prohibitive rules to prevent traffic leaks. Assuming the custom rules use a lower numeric priority to override the prohibitive ones. for IPV in 4 6 do uci -q delete network.lan_ks${IPV%4} uci set network.lan_ks${IPV%4}="rule${IPV%4}" uci set network.lan_ks${IPV%4}.in="lan" uci set network.lan_ks${IPV%4}.action="prohibit" uci set network.lan_ks${IPV%4}.priority="32000" done uci commit network /etc/init.d/network restart This website uses cookies. By using the website, you agree with storing cookies on your computer. Also you acknowledge that you have read and understand our Privacy Policy. If you do not agree leave the website.OKMore information about cookies Last modified: 2023/09/26 22:38by vgaetera