Splitting VLANs

This how-to virtually splits off one of your devices Ethernet ports to be used for non-LAN purposes. E.g. you could provide this Ethernet port for your guests or for a secured extra zone used for an office work computer separated from your LAN zone.

This how-to just demonstrates how to create the additional VLAN switch. The VLAN switch created by this how-to needs to be linked to a dedicated interface and a dedicated firewall zone in subsequent steps.

A typical default LEDE configuration on a home router with 5 LAN ports looks like this, when going to the “switch” menu of LuCI:

This default configuration provides 2 VLAN switches by default:

1. VLAN ID 1: the VLAN switch for the 4 ports (that are mapped to the LAN interface)
2. VLAN ID 2: the VLAN switch mapped to the 1 WAN port

As we can't magically add new physical ports to the existing device, we will simply reassign LAN 1 to make up a new virtual switch:

Note the new third line and the change in the intersection of VLAN 1 and LAN 1. This updated configuration means that you will now have 3 VLAN switches:

1. VLAN ID 1: the VLAN switch for the remaining 3 ports (that are still mapped to the LAN interface)
2. VLAN ID 2: the VLAN switch mapped to the 1 WAN port
3. VLAN ID 3: the newly created VLAN switch for the 1 port LAN 1. This port is currently without function. You first have to assign it to an interface (in the “physical settings” tab of an existing or newly created interface)

Notes:

• LAN 1 in this example can no longer be used for SSH or LuCI administration, unless you link the existing LAN interface to this newly created VLAN switch eth0.3 (But usually you will want to assign this new VLAN to a newly created interface, which then has to be put into a new firewall zone).
• As long as one last LAN port remains in VLAN switch 1, you will still have access to LuCI and SSH over that port. In case you have accidentally or purposely set all ports to “off” in switch VLAN 1, in most cases you can still use your WiFi for LEDE admin access.
• The LAN IDs as used in the switch section of LuCI or in config files of UCI may not reflect the same numbering scheme used on the printed labels on the outside of your router. Due to decisions of the manufacturer, it could be inverted on some devices (4=1, 3=2, 2=3, 1=4).