Dragino LPS8
The Dragino LPS8 is an open source LoRaWAN gateway based on the AR9331 SoC to bridge a LoRa wireless network to an IP network via WiFi or Ethernet. It has one 10/100 Mbps RJ45 Ethernet port, one 2.4 GHz 802.11bgn radio and one USB host port. It is powered via a USB type C connector.
Supported Versions
Hardware Highlights
Installation
→ Install OpenWrt (generic explanation)
The device comes with an OpenWrt fork maintained by Dragino. The source code is available at GitHub.
Flash Layout
These are the partitions in OpenWrt 18.06 according to /proc/mtd:
dev: size erasesize name mtd0: 00040000 00010000 "u-boot" mtd1: 00fa0000 00010000 "firmware" mtd2: 00160000 00010000 "kernel" mtd3: 00e40000 00010000 "rootfs" mtd4: 005a0000 00010000 "rootfs_data" mtd5: 00010000 00010000 "config" mtd6: 00010000 00010000 "art"
OEM easy installation
OEM firmware is a modified OpenWrt.
Upgrading OpenWrt
These are generic instructions. Update with your router's specifics.
LuCI Web Upgrade Process
- Browse to
http://192.168.1.1/cgi-bin/luci/mini/system/upgrade/
LuCI Upgrade URL - Upload image file for sysupgrade to LuCI
- Wait for reboot
Terminal Upgrade Process
If you don't have a GUI (LuCI) available, you can alternatively upgrade via the command line. There are two command line methods for upgrading:
sysupgrade
mtd
Note: It is important that you put the firmware image into the ramdisk (/tmp) before you start flashing.
sysupgrade
- Login as root via SSH on 192.168.1.1, then enter the following commands:
cd /tmp wget http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/trunk/XXX/xxx.abc sysupgrade /tmp/xxx.abc
mtd
If sysupgrade
does not support this router, use mtd
.
- Login as root via SSH on 192.168.1.1, then enter the following commands:
cd /tmp wget http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/trunk/XXX/xxx.abc mtd write /tmp/xxx.abc linux && reboot
Debricking
Failsafe mode
Basic configuration
→ Basic configuration After flashing, proceed with this.
Set up your Internet connection, configure wireless, configure USB port, etc.
Specific Configuration
Please fill in real values for this device, then remove the EXAMPLEs
Network interfaces
The default network configuration is:
Interface Name | Description | Default configuration |
---|---|---|
br-lan | EXAMPLE LAN & WiFi | EXAMPLE 192.168.1.1/24 |
vlan0 (eth0.0) | EXAMPLE LAN ports (1 to 4) | EXAMPLE None |
vlan1 (eth0.1) | EXAMPLE WAN port | EXAMPLE DHCP |
wl0 | EXAMPLE WiFi | EXAMPLE Disabled |
Switch Ports (for VLANs)
Please fill in real values for this device, then remove the EXAMPLEs
Numbers 0-3 are Ports 1-4 as labeled on the unit, number 4 is the Internet (WAN) on the unit, 5 is the internal connection to the router itself. Don't be fooled: Port 1 on the unit is number 3 when configuring VLANs. vlan0 = eth0.0, vlan1 = eth0.1 and so on.
Port | Switch port |
---|---|
Internet (WAN) | EXAMPLE 4 |
LAN 1 | EXAMPLE 3 |
LAN 2 | EXAMPLE 2 |
LAN 3 | EXAMPLE 1 |
LAN 4 | EXAMPLE 0 |
Buttons
→ hardware.button on howto use and configure the hardware button(s). Here, we merely name the buttons, so we can use them in the above Howto.
Please fill in real values for this device, then remove the EXAMPLEs
The Dragino LPS8 has the following buttons:
BUTTON | Event |
---|---|
EXAMPLE Reset | reset |
EXAMPLE Secure Easy Setup | ses |
EXAMPLE No buttons at all. | - |
Hardware
Info
Photos
Opening the case
Note: This will void your warranty!
Describe what needs to be done to open the device, e.g. remove rubber feet, adhesive labels, screws, ...
- To remove the cover and open the device, do a/b/c
Main PCB:
Insert photo of PCB
Serial
→ port.serial general information about the serial port, serial port cable, etc.
How to connect to the Serial Port of this specific device:
Insert photo of PCB with markings for serial port
Replace EXAMPLE by real values.
Serial connection parameters for Dragino LPS8 @@Version@@ | EXAMPLE 115200, 8N1 |
---|
JTAG
→ port.jtag general information about the JTAG port, JTAG cable, etc.
How to connect to the JTAG Port of this specific device:
Insert photo of PCB with markings for JTAG port
Bootloader mods
Hardware mods
None so far.
Bootlogs
OEM bootlog
Starting kernel... Linux version 4.9.109 (root@DraginoHK) (gcc version 7.3.0 (OpenWrt GCC 7.3.0 r7360-e15565a) ) #0 Fri Jun 29 16:58:53 2018 bootconsole [early0] enabled CPU0 revision is: 00019374 (MIPS 24Kc) SoC: Atheros AR9330 rev 1 Determined physical RAM map: memory: 04000000 @ 00000000 (usable) Initrd not found or empty - disabling initrd Primary instruction cache 64kB, VIPT, 4-way, linesize 32 bytes. Primary data cache 32kB, 4-way, VIPT, cache aliases, linesize 32 bytes Zone ranges: Normal [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x0000000003ffffff] Movable zone start for each node Early memory node ranges node 0: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x0000000003ffffff] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x0000000003ffffff] Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 16256 Kernel command line: board=DRAGINO2 console=ttyATH0,115200 mtdparts=spi0.0:256k(u-boot)ro,16000k(firmware),64k(config),64k(art)ro rootfstype=squashfs noinitrd PID hash table entries: 256 (order: -2, 1024 bytes) Dentry cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) Inode-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) Writing ErrCtl register=00000000 Readback ErrCtl register=00000000 Memory: 59900K/65536K available (3150K kernel code, 169K rwdata, 796K rodata, 292K init, 209K bss, 5636K reserved, 0K cma-reserved) SLUB: HWalign=32, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1 NR_IRQS:51 Clocks: CPU:400.000MHz, DDR:400.000MHz, AHB:200.000MHz, Ref:25.000MHz clocksource: MIPS: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 9556302233 ns sched_clock: 32 bits at 200MHz, resolution 5ns, wraps every 10737418237ns Calibrating delay loop... 265.42 BogoMIPS (lpj=1327104) pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301 Mount-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 19112604462750000 ns futex hash table entries: 256 (order: -1, 3072 bytes) NET: Registered protocol family 16 MIPS: machine is Dragino Dragino v2 clocksource: Switched to clocksource MIPS NET: Registered protocol family 2 TCP established hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) TCP bind hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) TCP: Hash tables configured (established 1024 bind 1024) UDP hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) UDP-Lite hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) NET: Registered protocol family 1 Crashlog allocated RAM at address 0x3f00000 workingset: timestamp_bits=30 max_order=14 bucket_order=0 squashfs: version 4.0 (2009/01/31) Phillip Lougher jffs2: version 2.2 (NAND) (SUMMARY) (LZMA) (RTIME) (CMODE_PRIORITY) (c) 2001-2006 Red Hat, Inc. io scheduler noop registered io scheduler deadline registered (default) Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 1 ports, IRQ sharing disabled ar933x-uart: ttyATH0 at MMIO 0x18020000 (irq = 11, base_baud = 1562500) is a AR933X UART console [ttyATH0] enabled console [ttyATH0] enabled bootconsole [early0] disabled bootconsole [early0] disabled m25p80 spi0.0: found w25q128, expected m25p80 m25p80 spi0.0: w25q128 (16384 Kbytes) 4 cmdlinepart partitions found on MTD device spi0.0 Creating 4 MTD partitions on "spi0.0": 0x000000000000-0x000000040000 : "u-boot" 0x000000040000-0x000000fe0000 : "firmware" 2 uimage-fw partitions found on MTD device firmware 0x000000040000-0x0000001a0000 : "kernel" 0x0000001a0000-0x000000fe0000 : "rootfs" mtd: device 3 (rootfs) set to be root filesystem 1 squashfs-split partitions found on MTD device rootfs 0x000000920000-0x000000fe0000 : "rootfs_data" 0x000000fe0000-0x000000ff0000 : "config" 0x000000ff0000-0x000001000000 : "art" libphy: Fixed MDIO Bus: probed libphy: ag71xx_mdio: probed ag71xx-mdio.1: Found an AR7240/AR9330 built-in switch eth0: Atheros AG71xx at 0xba000000, irq 5, mode:GMII ag71xx ag71xx.0: connected to PHY at ag71xx-mdio.1:04 [uid=004dd041, driver=Generic PHY] eth1: Atheros AG71xx at 0xb9000000, irq 4, mode:MII NET: Registered protocol family 10 NET: Registered protocol family 17 8021q: 802.1Q VLAN Support v1.8 VFS: Mounted root (squashfs filesystem) readonly on device 31:3. Freeing unused kernel memory: 292K This architecture does not have kernel memory protection. random: fast init done init: Console is alive init: - watchdog - kmodloader: loading kernel modules from /etc/modules-boot.d/* usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs usbcore: registered new interface driver hub usbcore: registered new device driver usb ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver SCSI subsystem initialized ehci-platform: EHCI generic platform driver ehci-platform ehci-platform: EHCI Host Controller ehci-platform ehci-platform: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1 ehci-platform ehci-platform: irq 3, io mem 0x1b000000 ehci-platform ehci-platform: USB 2.0 started, EHCI 1.00 hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found hub 1-0:1.0: 1 port detected watchdog: Software Watchdog: cannot register miscdev on minor=130 (err=-16). watchdog: Software Watchdog: a legacy watchdog module is probably present. softdog: initialized. soft_noboot=0 soft_margin=60 sec soft_panic=0 (nowayout=0) ohci_hcd: USB 1.1 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver ohci-platform: OHCI generic platform driver uhci_hcd: USB Universal Host Controller Interface driver usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage input: gpio-keys-polled as /devices/platform/gpio-keys-polled/input/input0 kmodloader: done loading kernel modules from /etc/modules-boot.d/* init: - preinit - usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 2 using ehci-platform random: procd: uninitialized urandom read (4 bytes read) hub 1-1:1.0: USB hub found hub 1-1:1.0: 4 ports detected IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready Press the [f] key and hit [enter] to enter failsafe mode Press the [1], [2], [3] or [4] key and hit [enter] to select the debug level mount_root: loading kmods from internal overlay kmodloader: loading kernel modules from //etc/modules-boot.d/* kmodloader: done loading kernel modules from //etc/modules-boot.d/* jffs2: notice: (394) jffs2_build_xattr_subsystem: complete building xattr subsystem, 0 of xdatum (0 unchecked, 0 orphan) and 0 of xref (0 dead, 0 orphan) found. block: attempting to load /tmp/jffs_cfg/upper/etc/config/fstab block: extroot: not configured jffs2: notice: (392) jffs2_build_xattr_subsystem: complete building xattr subsystem, 0 of xdatum (0 unchecked, 0 orphan) and 0 of xref (0 dead, 0 orphan) found. block: attempting to load /tmp/jffs_cfg/upper/etc/config/fstab block: extroot: not configured mount_root: switching to jffs2 overlay urandom-seed: Seeding with /etc/urandom.seed procd: - early - procd: - watchdog - procd: - watchdog - procd: - ubus - random: ubusd: uninitialized urandom read (4 bytes read) random: jshn: uninitialized urandom read (4 bytes read) random: ubusd: uninitialized urandom read (4 bytes read) Command failed: Not found procd: - init - Please press Enter to activate this console. kmodloader: loading kernel modules from /etc/modules.d/* ntfs: driver 2.1.32 [Flags: R/O MODULE]. loop: module loaded ip6_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team Netfilter messages via NETLINK v0.30. ip_set: protocol 6 i2c /dev entries driver u32 classifier input device check on Actions configured Mirror/redirect action on Loading modules backported from Linux version wt-2017-11-01-0-gfe248fc2c180 Backport generated by backports.git v4.14-rc2-1-31-g86cf0e5d ip_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team nf_conntrack version 0.5.0 (1024 buckets, 4096 max) nf_conntrack_rtsp v0.7 loading nf_nat_rtsp v0.7 loading usbcore: registered new interface driver usbserial usbcore: registered new interface driver usbserial_generic usbserial: USB Serial support registered for generic xt_time: kernel timezone is -0000 usbcore: registered new interface driver ftdi_sio usbserial: USB Serial support registered for FTDI USB Serial Device PPP generic driver version 2.4.2 NET: Registered protocol family 24 usbcore: registered new interface driver option usbserial: USB Serial support registered for GSM modem (1-port) usbcore: registered new interface driver qcserial usbserial: USB Serial support registered for Qualcomm USB modem ieee80211 phy0: Atheros AR9330 Rev:1 mem=0xb8100000, irq=2 kmodloader: done loading kernel modules from /etc/modules.d/* input: gpio-keys-polled as /devices/platform/gpio-keys-polled/input/input1 Custom GPIO-based SPI driver version 0.1 br-lan: port 1(eth0) entered blocking state br-lan: port 1(eth0) entered disabled state device eth0 entered promiscuous mode IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): br-lan: link is not ready IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth1: link is not ready eth1: link up (100Mbps/Full duplex) IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): eth1: link becomes ready Custom GPIO-based SPI driver version 0.1 IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlan0: link is not ready br-lan: port 2(wlan0) entered blocking state br-lan: port 2(wlan0) entered disabled state device wlan0 entered promiscuous mode IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): wlan0: link becomes ready br-lan: port 2(wlan0) entered blocking state br-lan: port 2(wlan0) entered forwarding state IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): br-lan: link becomes ready Custom GPIO-based SPI driver version 0.1
OpenWrt bootlog
COPY HERE THE BOOTLOG ONCE OPENWRT IS INSTALLED AND RUNNING
Notes
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