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| zh:docs:guide-user:base-system:dhcp.dnsmasq [2019/11/05 03:38] – [/etc/ethers配置文件] longgenxing | zh:docs:guide-user:base-system:dhcp.dnsmasq [2019/11/05 04:17] – longgenxing | ||
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| - | FIXME **This page is not fully translated, yet. Please help completing the translation.**\\ //(remove this paragraph once the translation is finished)// | ||
| - | |||
| ====== Dnsmasq ===== | ====== Dnsmasq ===== | ||
| ====== Dnsmasq软件 ===== | ====== Dnsmasq软件 ===== | ||
| Line 94: | Line 92: | ||
| 详情请参考-> | 详情请参考-> | ||
| ==== /etc/hosts ==== | ==== /etc/hosts ==== | ||
| + | ==== / | ||
| In ''/ | In ''/ | ||
| Dnsmasq will utilize these entries to answer DNS queries on your network. | Dnsmasq will utilize these entries to answer DNS queries on your network. | ||
| + | |||
| + | **中文翻译**:在“/ | ||
| + | Dnsmasq软件将使用这些条目来响应来自网络的DNS查询请求。 | ||
| + | |||
| + | DNS条目的编写格式如下: | ||
| Format: | Format: | ||
| <code bash> | <code bash> | ||
| - | [IP_address] host_name host_name_short | + | [IP地址] 主机名称 主机名称缩写 |
| </ | </ | ||
| - | Example: | + | 例如: |
| <code bash> | <code bash> | ||
| Line 112: | Line 116: | ||
| ===== Troubleshooting ===== | ===== Troubleshooting ===== | ||
| + | ===== 特殊问题排除 ===== | ||
| ==== DHCP response missing due to network overload ==== | ==== DHCP response missing due to network overload ==== | ||
| + | ==== 因网络过载引起的 DHCP 响应丢失 ==== | ||
| Sometimes when an interface is on the edge of the capacity (especially WiFi over longer distances) a DHCP request could be not replied in time. | Sometimes when an interface is on the edge of the capacity (especially WiFi over longer distances) a DHCP request could be not replied in time. | ||
| Therefore the DHCP client will not be able to receive proper network settings. | Therefore the DHCP client will not be able to receive proper network settings. | ||
| A possible workaround is using static IPs or very long DHCP leases (more than 12h). | A possible workaround is using static IPs or very long DHCP leases (more than 12h). | ||
| This is particularly important when one has several WiFi repeaters that use DHCP and are distant from each other or not easily accessible. | This is particularly important when one has several WiFi repeaters that use DHCP and are distant from each other or not easily accessible. | ||
| + | |||
| + | **中文翻译**: | ||
| + | 有些时候,当一个网络接口快达到它的处理能力的时候(特别是因为WiFi因为超出其稳定信号的范围),DHCP的请求可能不会及时响应。 | ||
| + | 因此DHCP客户端就没法收到网络地址的配置。 | ||
| + | 一种折中的解决办法设置静态IP地址,或者加长DHCP租用时间(比如大于12小时)。 | ||
| + | 这在存在很多WiFi中继的场景中很重要,因为它们之间很远或者连接不稳定。 | ||
| ==== Log spammed with DHCPINFORM/ | ==== Log spammed with DHCPINFORM/ | ||
| + | ==== DHCP通知/ | ||
| Windows 7 among others ask for proxy settings using DHCP. | Windows 7 among others ask for proxy settings using DHCP. | ||
| The issue is that they do not stop asking until they have received an answer. | The issue is that they do not stop asking until they have received an answer. | ||
| Line 124: | Line 137: | ||
| Solution: | Solution: | ||
| + | |||
| + | **中文翻译**: | ||
| + | Windows7跟其他系统之间,使用DHCP来配置代理的情况里; | ||
| + | 因为客户端不停的发送请求,直到收到回复才会停止; | ||
| + | 结果就是,在日志里充满了这些重复的请求,下面就是这么一个例子的解决(参看[[http:// | ||
| + | |||
| + | 解决方法如下: | ||
| <code bash> | <code bash> | ||
| Line 132: | Line 152: | ||
| ==== Static lease issues ==== | ==== Static lease issues ==== | ||
| + | ==== 静态地址绑定的问题 ==== | ||
| Windows 7 has introduced a new [[http:// | Windows 7 has introduced a new [[http:// | ||
| It won't assign IP address obtained from a DHCP server to an interface, if the IP was used before for another interface, even if that other interface is **NOT** active currently (i.e. cable disconnected). | It won't assign IP address obtained from a DHCP server to an interface, if the IP was used before for another interface, even if that other interface is **NOT** active currently (i.e. cable disconnected). | ||
| Line 137: | Line 158: | ||
| If you try configure MAC address hot swap on your router, Windows 7 clients will end up in an infinite [[http:// | If you try configure MAC address hot swap on your router, Windows 7 clients will end up in an infinite [[http:// | ||
| + | |||
| + | **中文翻译**: | ||
| + | Windows7包含一个新的功能 [[http:// | ||
| + | 系统不会把一个之前已经由DHCP服务器分配给另外一个接口(对应网卡)的IP地址,再配置给当前接口;即使是这个接口现在已经关闭了(比如该接口的网线已经拔了)。 | ||
| + | 这个处理思路很清奇,在老版本的Windows、Mac OS、Linux里都没听说过。 | ||
| + | |||
| + | 如果你尝试在你的路由器里配置MAC地址绑定和解绑定的功能,Windows7客户端就会无休止的循环请求。 | ||
| + | |||
| Solution: | Solution: | ||
| Line 145: | Line 174: | ||
| * When you plug the ethernet cable in, disable wireless interface in control panel (power off wireless won't do it). | * When you plug the ethernet cable in, disable wireless interface in control panel (power off wireless won't do it). | ||
| * When you unplug ethernet cable, enable wireless and disable ethernet. | * When you unplug ethernet cable, enable wireless and disable ethernet. | ||
| + | |||
| + | **中文翻译**: | ||
| + | |||
| + | 解决方案如下: | ||
| + | - 创建一个Windows7种的有线网卡跟无线网卡的网桥,然后: | ||
| + | * 给这个网桥添加MAC地址,并写到“/ | ||
| + | * 因为你的网桥可能会占用或者改变你的MAC地址,你可能会在WiFi接口上丢失SLAAC状态,这样,你如果想用无线网络,就得在你的笔记本上(假设你的客户机就是笔记本)禁掉IPv6. | ||
| + | - 另一种对IPv6兼容一点的做法是,你可以不要添加网桥的配置,也不用手工去dnsmasq软件里添加MAC地址,但是却要做别的配置: | ||
| + | * 如果你要用有线网络,你插网线的前,先去控制面板把无线网卡禁用掉。 | ||
| + | * 如果你要用无线网络,你拔网线的前,再把无线网卡启用,然后把有线网卡禁用。 | ||
| <code bash> | <code bash> | ||
| Line 156: | Line 195: | ||
| ===== Notes ===== | ===== Notes ===== | ||
| + | ===== 相关信息 ===== | ||
| * Project Homepage: [[http:// | * Project Homepage: [[http:// | ||
| * Tutorial http:// | * Tutorial http:// | ||
| * Tutorial http:// | * Tutorial http:// | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== 翻译信息 ===== | ||
| + | LongGenxing 20191105 第一次翻译 | ||