Buffalo LinkStation LS421DE
This is a low-cost dual-port SATA NAS box. It comes with one 1GbE network port, one USB 2.0 host port on the back and one USB 3.0 on the front.
Supported Versions
Hardware Highlights
Installation
Stuff used in the installation:
- Stock firmware: ls400-134en.zip
- acp-commander: https://github.com/1000001101000/acp-commander
Installation through the OEM firmware
The box must have at least 1 hard drive installed in a bay. First check that the stock firmware is working ok. 192.168.1.11 is the IP of the device, 192.168.1.7 is the IP of our computer.
- Downgrade the firmware to 1.34 version (BUFFALO_BOOTVER=0.13)
- Use acp_commander to enable a root shell over telnet:
java -jar acp_commander.jar -t 192.168.1.11 -pw password -o
- Open a telnet session on the device:
telnet 192.168.1.11
- Backup the stock uImage:
mv /boot/uImage.buffalo /boot/uImage.buffalo.bak
- Download the Openwrt initramfs image and reboot:
wget -O /boot/uImage.buffalo http://192.168.1.7:8000/openwrt-mvebu-cortexa9-buffalo_ls421de-initramfs-kernel.bin sync reboot
- Now the device will load the Openwrt RAM image (not installed yet). Open a secure shell into Openwrt:
ssh root@192.168.1.1
- Optional: restore the stock uImage:
mount -t ext3 /dev/sda1 /mnt && mv /mnt/uImage.buffalo.bak /mnt/uImage.buffalo
This will make easier to restore the stock firmware after installing OpenWrt.
- Download the sysupgrade image, and install it:
cd /tmp wget http://192.168.1.7:8000/openwrt-mvebu-cortexa9-buffalo_ls421de-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin sysupgrade -n openwrt-mvebu-cortexa9-buffalo_ls421de-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin
- Wait until it finish.
- Power off the device
- Remove the hard drive or you might end up booting the initram. Keep it apart if you want back to the stock firmware later.
- Power on the device. It will boot with openwrt installed in the NAND flash
Note: If you want to start using external storage see NAS configuration
Installation using the U-Boot serial console
- ipaddr: 192.168.11.150
- serverip: 192.168.11.1
- Downgrade the OEM firmware to 1.34 (BUFFALO_BOOTVER=0.13)
- Remove any hard drive inside the bays. Keep it apart if you want to go back to stock firmware later.
- Boot the Openwrt initramfs image using the U-Boot serial console:
tftpboot 0x1200000 openwrt-mvebu-cortexa9-buffalo_ls421de-initramfs-kernel.bin bootm 0x1200000
- Flash the sysupgrade image using the Openwrt console:
sysupgrade -n openwrt-mvebu-cortexa9-buffalo_ls421de-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin - Wait until it finish, the device will reboot with Openwrt installed on the NAND flash.
Post Installation
NAS configuration
If you want to start using external storage insert a formatted hard drive inside the bay. The first partition should be never be in EXT4 filesystem format or it will hang at startup otherwise.
Tested partitioning configurations:
- OK: GPT, 1 partition
- 1st: XFS, whole hard drive, storage partition
- OK: GPT, 2 partitions:
- 1st: EXT3, 8MB, dummy partition
- 2nd: EXT4, all remaining space, storage partition
- OK: GPT, 2 partitions:
- 1st: SWAP, 1GB, virtual system memory.
- 2nd: EXT4, all remaining space, storage partition
- OK: GPT, 2 partitions:
- 1st: SWAP, 1GB, virtual system memory.
- 2nd: XFS, all remaining space, storage partition
- FAIL: GPT, 1 partition
- 1st: EXT4, whole hard drive, storage partition
NAS related documentation:
Performance Improvements
Remove kernel netfilters
Since this device is presumably used only for attached storage purposes, you can rid of firewall/routing stuff. Remove the firewall related kernel modules:
mkdir /etc/bak mv /etc/modules.d/nf-* /etc/bak/ mv /etc/modules.d/nft-* /etc/bak/ mv /etc/modules.d/nfnetlink /etc/bak/ mv /etc/modules.d/ipt-* /etc/bak/ mv /etc/modules.d/*ip6tables* /etc/bak/ reboot
After rebooting, the network throughput should be about +15% better.
Cypher Engine
See → Cryptographic Hardware Accelerators
This device has a cypher engine called CESA. It can be used for libraries like openssl.
First install the openssl-util:
opkg update
opkg install openssl-util
Make a test:
root@LinkStation:~# time openssl speed -evp aes-256-cbc -elapsed You have chosen to measure elapsed time instead of user CPU time. Doing aes-256-cbc for 3s on 16 size blocks: 2580520 aes-256-cbc's in 3.00s Doing aes-256-cbc for 3s on 64 size blocks: 787211 aes-256-cbc's in 3.00s Doing aes-256-cbc for 3s on 256 size blocks: 208627 aes-256-cbc's in 3.00s Doing aes-256-cbc for 3s on 1024 size blocks: 52926 aes-256-cbc's in 3.00s Doing aes-256-cbc for 3s on 8192 size blocks: 6647 aes-256-cbc's in 3.00s Doing aes-256-cbc for 3s on 16384 size blocks: 3327 aes-256-cbc's in 3.00s OpenSSL 1.1.1j 16 Feb 2021 built on: Fri Mar 26 09:12:12 2021 UTC options:bn(64,32) rc4(char) des(long) aes(partial) blowfish(ptr) compiler: arm-openwrt-linux-muslgnueabi-gcc -fPIC -pthread -Wa,--noexecstack -Wall -O3 -Os -pipe -mthumb -fno-caller-saves -fno-plt -fhonour-copts -Wno-error=unused-but-set-variable -Wno-error=unused-result -mfloat-abi=hard -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fstack-protector -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=1 -Wl,-z,now -Wl,-z,relro -DPIC -fpic -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -znow -zrelro -DOPENSSL_USE_NODELETE -DOPENSSL_PIC -DOPENSSL_CPUID_OBJ -DOPENSSL_BN_ASM_MONT -DOPENSSL_BN_ASM_GF2m -DSHA1_ASM -DSHA256_ASM -DSHA512_ASM -DKECCAK1600_ASM -DAES_ASM -DBSAES_ASM -DGHASH_ASM -DECP_NISTZ256_ASM -DPOLY1305_ASM -DNDEBUG -DOPENSSL_PREFER_CHACHA_OVER_GCM -DOPENSSL_SMALL_FOOTPRINT The 'numbers' are in 1000s of bytes per second processed. type 16 bytes 64 bytes 256 bytes 1024 bytes 8192 bytes 16384 bytes aes-256-cbc 13762.77k 16793.83k 17802.84k 18065.41k 18150.74k 18169.86k real 0m 18.02s user 0m 17.82s sys 0m 0.04s root@LinkStation:~#
Now install the cryptodev module to make the engine available, also install the openssl library:
opkg update opkg install kmod-cryptodev opkg install libopenssl-devcrypto
Open the /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf configuration file and uncomment these lines:
[engines] devcrypto=devcrypto [devcrypto] CIPHERS=DES-CBC, DES-EDE3-CBC, AES-128-CBC, AES-192-CBC, AES-256-CBC
Now make another test:
root@LinkStation:~# time openssl speed -evp aes-256-cbc -elapsed You have chosen to measure elapsed time instead of user CPU time. Doing aes-256-cbc for 3s on 16 size blocks: 91023 aes-256-cbc's in 3.00s Doing aes-256-cbc for 3s on 64 size blocks: 89142 aes-256-cbc's in 3.00s Doing aes-256-cbc for 3s on 256 size blocks: 87199 aes-256-cbc's in 3.00s Doing aes-256-cbc for 3s on 1024 size blocks: 73867 aes-256-cbc's in 3.00s Doing aes-256-cbc for 3s on 8192 size blocks: 22725 aes-256-cbc's in 3.00s Doing aes-256-cbc for 3s on 16384 size blocks: 12813 aes-256-cbc's in 3.00s OpenSSL 1.1.1j 16 Feb 2021 built on: Fri Mar 26 09:12:12 2021 UTC options:bn(64,32) rc4(char) des(long) aes(partial) blowfish(ptr) compiler: arm-openwrt-linux-muslgnueabi-gcc -fPIC -pthread -Wa,--noexecstack -Wall -O3 -Os -pipe -mthumb -fno-caller-saves -fno-plt -fhonour-copts -Wno-error=unused-but-set-variable -Wno-error=unused-result -mfloat-abi=hard -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fstack-protector -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=1 -Wl,-z,now -Wl,-z,relro -DPIC -fpic -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -znow -zrelro -DOPENSSL_USE_NODELETE -DOPENSSL_PIC -DOPENSSL_CPUID_OBJ -DOPENSSL_BN_ASM_MONT -DOPENSSL_BN_ASM_GF2m -DSHA1_ASM -DSHA256_ASM -DSHA512_ASM -DKECCAK1600_ASM -DAES_ASM -DBSAES_ASM -DGHASH_ASM -DECP_NISTZ256_ASM -DPOLY1305_ASM -DNDEBUG -DOPENSSL_PREFER_CHACHA_OVER_GCM -DOPENSSL_SMALL_FOOTPRINT The 'numbers' are in 1000s of bytes per second processed. type 16 bytes 64 bytes 256 bytes 1024 bytes 8192 bytes 16384 bytes aes-256-cbc 485.46k 1901.70k 7440.98k 25213.27k 62054.40k 69976.06k real 0m 18.07s user 0m 0.37s sys 0m 6.45s root@LinkStation:~#
Custom build
You can also optimize your firmware making your own custom build:
- Compile the kernel for single core (no SMP stuff).
- Compile the kernel in THUMB2 mode, and also the user space apps.
- Patch the kernel to enable the hardware I/O coherency.
Monitor sensors
The unit has 2 temperature sensors for CPU and ethernet phy, and a FAN cooling. Sensors at hard drives are also available if installed. We can monitor/control them at:
- /sys/class/hwmon: to check temperatures and FAN. Eg:
root@LinkStation:~# for i in 0 1 2 3;do cat /sys/class/hwmon/hwmon$i/name;cat /sys/class/hwmon/hwmon$i/*_input;echo;done d0072004mdiomii00 57000 d0018300.thermal 64593 drivetemp 36000 gpio_fan 1500
The temperature is in millicelsius and the FAN in rpm
- /sys/class/thermal: to check and modify some parameters.
CONFIG_THERMAL_WRITABLE_TRIPS kernel option needs to be set to allow modifying thermal trips.
Recovery
Broken bootloader recovery
If for some reason the bootloader is broken (no apparent life from the board), you can recover the device by using the UART serial port.
- Connect the Linkstation's serial port to your computer
- At the computer execute:
./kwboot -b uboot.uart -t -B 115200 /dev/ttyUSB0
- Power on the Linkstation, wait for it to load.
- At the Uboot console execute:
bubt spiflash_134.bak
Example of recovery session:
./kwboot -b uboot.uart -t -B 115200 /dev/ttyUSB0 Sending boot message. Please reboot the target...\xb7$\x9a"U\x99\xdd\xff\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\ x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DU fw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\ x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUfw\xbb\x11"3DUf BootROM 1.08 Pattern detected on UART0 (Boot) Got expected NAKs Sending boot image... 0 % [S.....................................................................] 1 % [......................................................................] 2 % [......................................................................] 3 % [......................................................................] 4 % [......................................................................] 5 % [......................................................................] 7 % [......................................................................] 8 % [......................................................................] 9 % [......................................................................] 10 % [.......... General initialization - Version: 1.0.0 mvBoardSerdesModulesScan: mvTwsiRead error, Using default serdes configuration **** High speed PHY - Version: 2.1.4 (COM-PHY-V20) Update PEX Device ID 0x67100 High speed PHY - Ended Successfully DDR3 Training Sequence - Ver 5.7.1 DDR3 Training Sequence - Run DDR3 at 600 Mhz ########### LOG LEVEL 1 (D-UNIT SETUP)########### Static D-UNIT Setup: 0x00001400 = 0x73014924 0x00001404 = 0x3000B808 0x00001408 = 0x56159996 0x0000140C = 0x3AD93F96 0x00001410 = 0x120F0000 0x00001414 = 0x00000000 0x00001418 = 0x00000E00 0x0000141C = 0x00000642 0x00001420 = 0x00000004 0x00001424 = 0x0100F37F 0x00001428 = 0x000F8830 0x00001454 = 0x00000000 0x00001474 = 0x00000000 0x0000142C = 0x014C4EE4 0x0000147C = 0x0000C671 0x00001494 = 0x00010000 0x00001498 = 0x00000000 0x0000149C = 0x0000030F DDR3 Training Sequence - Run without PBS. Cuurrent frequency is: 100MHz Cuurrent frequency is: 444MHz DDR3 - Write Leveling - Starting HW WL procedure DDR3 - Write Leveling - Write Leveling Cs - 0 Results: DDR3 - Write Leveling - PUP: 0, Phase: 0, Delay: 03 DDR3 - Write Leveling - PUP: 1, Phase: 0, Delay: 07 DDR3 - Write Leveling - HW WL Ended Successfully DDR3 - Read Leveling - Starting HW RL procedure DDR3 - Read Leveling - Results for CS - 0 DDR3 - Read Leveling - PUP: 0, Phase: 1, Delay: 1F DDR3 - Read Leveling - PUP: 1, Phase: 2, Delay: 02 DDR3 - Read Leveling - Read Sample Delay: 09 DDR3 - Read Leveling - Read Ready Delay: 0D DDR3 - Read Leveling - HW RL Ended Successfully DDR3 - Write Leveling Hi-Freq Supplement - Starting DDR3 - Write Leveling Hi-Freq Supplement - SW Override Enabled COUNT = 0 DATA PUP: 04030201 08070605 0C0B0A09 100F0E0D 14131211 18171615 1C1B1A19 201F1E1D 24232221 28272625 2C2B2A29 302F2E2D 34333231 38373635 3C3B3A39 403F3E3D 44434241 48474645 4C4B4A49 504F4E4D 54535251 58575655 5C5B5A59 605F5E5D 64636261 68676665 6C6B6A69 706F6E6D 74737271 78777675 7C7B7A79 807F7E7D CS: 0 PUP: 0 Actual Data = 21 Expected Data = 21 uiError = 00 uiErrorN = 00 CS: 0 PUP: 1 Actual Data = 22 Expected Data = 22 uiError = 00 uiErrorN = 00 COUNT = 1 DATA PUP: 04030201 08070605 0C0B0A09 100F0E0D 14131211 18171615 1C1B1A19 201F1E1D 24232221 28272625 2C2B2A29 302F2E2D 34333231 38373635 3C3B3A39 403F3E3D 44434241 48474645 4C4B4A49 504F4E4D 54535251 58575655 5C5B5A59 605F5E5D 64636261 68676665 6C6B6A69 706F6E6D 74737271 78777675 7C7B7A79 807F7E7D CS: 0 PUP: 0 Actual Data = 21 Expected Data = 21 uiError = 00 uiErrorN = 00 CS: 0 PUP: 1 Actual Data = 22 Expected Data = 22 uiError = 00 uiErrorN = 00 DDR3 - Write Leveling Hi-Freq Supplement - Ended Successfully ########## LOG LEVEL 3(Windows margins per-DQ) ########## DDR3 - RX CS: 0 DATA RESULTS: BYTE:0 DQ's LOW HIGH WIN-SIZE ============================================ DQ[ 0] 0x4D 0x0B 0xBF DQ[ 1] 0x12 0x4E 0x3D DQ[ 2] 0xC6 0xCE 0x09 DQ[ 3] 0x06 0x7F 0x7A DQ[ 4] 0x83 0xE6 0x64 DQ[ 5] 0xD5 0xDD 0x09 DQ[ 6] 0xB8 0x30 0x79 DQ[ 7] 0x3B 0xAD 0x73 BYTE:1 DQ's LOW HIGH WIN-SIZE ============================================ DQ[ 8] 0x9C 0x25 0x8A DQ[ 9] 0x09 0xF8 0xF0 DQ[10] 0xD2 0xC9 0xF8 DQ[11] 0xC8 0xD0 0x09 DQ[12] 0xD7 0x34 0x5E DQ[13] 0x0C 0x21 0x16 DQ[14] 0xEF 0x40 0x52 DQ[15] 0x05 0x05 0x01 ############ LOG LEVEL 2(Windows margins) ############ DDR3 - DQS RX - Set Dqs Centralization Results - CS: 0 DQS LOW HIGH WIN-SIZE Set ============================================== 0 0x00 0x1A 0x1A 0x0D 1 0x00 0x1B 0x1B 0x0D ########## LOG LEVEL 3(Windows margins per-DQ) ########## DDR3 - TX CS: 0 DATA RESULTS: BYTE:0 DQ's LOW HIGH WIN-SIZE ============================================ DQ[ 0] 0x0C 0x4D 0x41 DQ[ 1] 0x4F 0x12 0xC3 DQ[ 2] 0xCF 0xC6 0xF7 DQ[ 3] 0x80 0x06 0x86 DQ[ 4] 0xE7 0x83 0x9C DQ[ 5] 0xDE 0xD5 0xF7 DQ[ 6] 0x31 0xB8 0x87 DQ[ 7] 0xAE 0x3B 0x8D BYTE:1 DQ's LOW HIGH WIN-SIZE ============================================ DQ[ 8] 0x26 0x9C 0x76 DQ[ 9] 0xF9 0x09 0x10 DQ[10] 0xCA 0xD2 0x08 DQ[11] 0xD1 0xC8 0xF7 DQ[12] 0x35 0xD7 0xA2 DQ[13] 0x22 0x0C 0xEA DQ[14] 0x41 0xEF 0xAE DQ[15] 0x06 0x05 0xFF ############ LOG LEVEL 2(Windows margins) ############ DDR3 - DQS TX - Set Dqs Centralization Results - CS: 0 DQS LOW HIGH WIN-SIZE Set ============================================== 0 0x00 0x1B 0x1B 0x0D 1 0x00 0x1C 0x1C 0x0E DDR3 Training Sequence - Ended Successfully ............................................................] 11 % [......................................................................] 13 % [......................................................................] 14 % [......................................................................] 15 % [......................................................................] 16 % [......................................................................] 17 % [......................................................................] 18 % 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[......................................................................] 62 % [......................................................................] 63 % [......................................................................] 65 % [......................................................................] 66 % [......................................................................] 67 % [......................................................................] 68 % [......................................................................] 69 % [......................................................................] 70 % [......................................................................] 72 % [......................................................................] 73 % [......................................................................] 74 % [......................................................................] 75 % [......................................................................] 76 % [......................................................................] 78 % [......................................................................] 79 % [......................................................................] 80 % [......................................................................] 81 % [......................................................................] 82 % [......................................................................] 83 % [......................................................................] 85 % [......................................................................] 86 % [......................................................................] 87 % [......................................................................] 88 % [......................................................................] 89 % [......................................................................] 91 % [......................................................................] 92 % [......................................................................] 93 % [......................................................................] 94 % [......................................................................] 95 % [......................................................................] 96 % [......................................................................] 98 % [......................................................................] 99 % [.........................................] [Type Ctrl-\ + c to quit] ========================= ==== Welcome to YANAGI == ========================= ** LOADER ** U-Boot 2009.08 ( 8月 28 2013 - 21:36:20)Marvell version: 1.1.3 NQ U-Boot Addressing: Code: 00600000:006AFFF0 BSS: 006F8360 Stack: 0x5fff70 PageTable: 0x8e0000 Heap address: 0x900000:0xe00000 BUFFALO_BOOTVER=0.13 Board: Buffalo LS-M 88f6710 SoC: MV6710 A1 CPU: Marvell PJ4B v7 UP (Rev 1) LE CPU @ 1200Mhz, L2 @ 600Mhz DDR @ 600Mhz, TClock @ 200Mhz DDR 16Bit Width, FastPath Memory Access PEX 0: Root Complex Interface, Detected Link X1 PEX 1: Detected No Link. DRAM: 512 MB CS 0: base 0x00000000 size 512 MB Addresses 14M - 0M are saved for the U-Boot usage. SF: Detected MX25L8006E with page size 256, total 1048576 bytes NAND: 512 MiB u-boot envinit tval=e42fc1b2 FPU not initialized USB 0: Host Mode USB 1: Host Mode Shutting down unused interfaces: AUDIO TDM Modules/Interfaces Detected: SDIO RGMII0 Phy RGMII1 Phy PEX0 (Lane 0) PEX1 (Lane 1) SATA0 (Lane 2) SATA1 (Lane 3) Marvell Serial ATA Adapter Integrated Sata device found MAC Address : 10:6F:3F:CD:17:CC MMC: MRVL_MMC: 0 Net: egiga0, egiga1 [PRIME] hit any key to switch tftp boot. Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0 switched to TFTP boot. Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0 BUFFALO>> bubt spiflash_134.bak Using egiga1 device TFTP from server 192.168.11.1; our IP address is 192.168.11.150 Filename 'spiflash_134.bak'. Load address: 0x2000000 Loading: ################################################################# ####### done Bytes transferred = 1048576 (100000 hex) Checking file size: [Done] Override Env parameters to default? [y/N] N Unprotecting flash: [Done] Erasing 0x0 - 0xf0000: [Done] Writing image to flash: [Done] Protecting flash: [Done] BUFFALO>>
OEM flash layout
| NOR SPI flash | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| name | offset | size | size (KiB) | content |
| u-boot | 0x00000 | 0xf0000 | 960 | bootloader |
| u-boot-env | 0xf0000 | 0x10000 | 64 | board parameters |
| NAND flash | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| name | offset | size | size (MiB) | content |
| boot | 0x00000000 | 0x02000000 | 32 | initrd.buffalo, uImage.buffalo |
| rootfs | 0x02000000 | 0x1e000000 | 480 | hddrootfs.buffalo |
uImage.buffalo and initrd.buffalo are used to load a RAM firmware with the unique purpose of installing hddrootfs.buffalo on a SATA hard drive. Once decompressed it'll contain the whole operating system.
| Hard Drive (/dev/sda) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| name | filesystem | size (GiB) | content |
| EXT3 | 1 | boot files | |
| LS421DE-EM7CC:1 | EXT3 | 5 | rootfs |
| LS421DE-EM7CC:2 | SWAP | 1 | virtual RAM |
| LS421DE-EM7CC:101 | XFS | all remaining space | user files |
OpenWrt will use a more simple approach, installing the firmware in the NAND flash. No need of using an internal hard drive.
Hardware
Info
| Instruction set | ARM little endian |
|---|---|
| Vendor | Marvell Technology Group |
| bootloader | U-Boot |
| System-On-Chip | Marvell Armada-370 88F6707-A1 |
| CPU @Frq | Marvell PJ4Bv7 rev1 (ARMv7) @1200MHz 1 core |
| ARM Cortex-A9 VFPv3-D16 | |
| Flash size | 512 MiB (NAND) + 1 MiB (SPI-NOR) |
| Flash Chip | Hynix H27U4G8F2DTR-BC |
| RAM size | 512 MiB DDR-3 |
| Ethernet | 1x Marvell 88E1518 PHY via RGMII-ID |
| USB | 2x: 1x USB2.0 SoC + 1x USB3.0 Renesas µPD720202 |
| SATA | 2x 3.0 Gbps |
| RTC | Ricoh RS5C372A I2C (no battery) |
| Mini PCIe | Unpopulated |
| SD Card | Unpopulated |
| Case Dimensions (LxWxH) | 205 x 87 x 128 mm |
| FAN | 60 x 60 x 15 mm Nidec UltraFlo U60R12MLAB-53 12VDC 0.05A |
| PSU | 12 VDC, 4 A / APD DA-48Q12 |
| Serial | Yes (unpopulated) |
| JTAG | Yes |
Photos
Casing
Opening the case
 | Unscrew the screws at the back of the casing |
 | Slide the grey casing that covers the board |
 | Done, now the main board is exposed and ready to get accest to the serial port |
Board
Serial
→ port.serial general information about the serial port, serial port cable, etc.
The only known way to access the serial console is by wiring up R265 (RX) and R106 (TX) close to the marked edge of the SoC.
There are also two pin headers for the serial port, J11 and J12, but R267 and R268 resistors are missing and the tracings lose continuity under the SPI flash chip:
JTAG
→ port.jtag general information about the JTAG port, JTAG cable, etc.
Located at CON2 pads, unknown pinout:
Ethernet port
Some boards experience random problems with the ethernet port. This bug is likely caused by an misconfigured voltage on the ethernet pins at the SoC.
- SoC: as default the RGMII pins are configured to operate at 3.3V
- PHY: the Marvel 88E1518 can only operate at 1.8V
It turns out that the SoC can be configured via internal registers to set the correct voltage on the RGMII pins. The fix works ok with bootloader from 1.34 firmware version (BUFFALO_BOOTVER=0.13). Most recent firmwares come with a different bootloader and probably using a different initialization for ethernet.
There are three ways to fix this bug:
- Setting the registers from userspace: it can be done using devmem. But it requires building a custom firmware with /dev/mem enabled in the kernel, and the utility devmem in busybox:
devmem 0xd00184e0 32 0xa8a - Patching the bootloader: Flashing a new bootloader might brick your device. This is the patched bootloader (BUFFALO_BOOTVER=0.13) from the firmware version 1.34. It's almost the same stock bootloader but with the fix made after the RAM initialization:
uBoot with the voltage fix: u-boot.buffalo-1.34_voodoo.tar.gz
- Patching the kernel: this seems to be the best option. It won't require user intervention once Openwrt is installed. There is a patch already made for the kernel v5.4.41. But it wouldn't be accepted upstream. See: https://forum.openwrt.org/t/mvneta-help-with-a-voltage-patch/64226
Another workaround that can be made is to wire up the U29 IC (TPS3808) manual reset (pin 4) to a free GPIO. This way we can reset via software the ethernet chip everytime it fails:
- In the picture we soldered a very thin wire from the GPIO53 to the U29 reset pin. Let's initialize the GPIO53 as output in high state:
echo 53 > /sys/class/gpio/export echo high > /sys/class/gpio/gpio53/direction
- When the ethernet hangs, we can perform a reset:
echo 0 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio53/value && sleep 1 echo 1 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio53/value
Energy-Efficient Ethernet
The ethernet phy is EEE capable. Enabling this feature (using ethtool) may save some miliwatts. Example:
# ethtool --set-eee eth0 eee on
Check if it has been enabled:
# ethtool --show-eee eth0
EEE Settings for eth0:
EEE status: active
Tx LPI: disabled
Supported EEE link modes: 100baseT/Full
1000baseT/Full
Advertised EEE link modes: Not reported
Link partner advertised EEE link modes: 100baseT/Full
1000baseT/Full
Note: you may need this kernel patch → https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/65a9dedc11d615d8f104a48d38b4fa226967b4ed
Ethernet LEDs
Only one LED pin at the IC is wired to a physical LED.
- LED0 pin is connected to a physical LED, and used to indicate ethernet link/activity.
- LED1 pin seems to be wired somewhere but has no known use, or maybe for PTP/802.1AS?
- LED2 pin is used for poweroff function and Wake On LAN
Power off and WoL
The Power off function is supported since r14282. The driver also brings the WoL feature which wasn't available in the stock firmware.
To use the WoL feature:
- Install the ethtool package in the LinkStation.
opkg update opkg install ethtool - Execute the command:
ethtool -s eth0 wol g - Power off the LinkStation via command line:
exec /sbin/poweroff
- Wake up from another machine using the LinkStation MAC address (i.e using the etherwake utility).
etherwake 10:6F:3F:00:00:00
Real Time Clock
The board comes with a Ricoh RS5C372A RTC connected via I2C. There is no battery backup, therefore if the power supply is disconnected, the current date and alarms are lost.
We can set the date manually (if the ntpd already didn't):
date -s '2020-11-22 12:34:56' hwclock -w
Another feature is the RTC alarm. It can be used to wakeup the Linkstation from the power off state at a programmed date.
- Example of use, wake up 5 minutes after scheduling the alarm:
echo 0 > /sys/class/rtc/rtc0/wakealarm echo $(expr $(date '+%s') + 60 * 5) > /sys/class/rtc/rtc0/wakealarm poweroff
The Linkstation is powered off an it'll come to life after 5 minutes.
- Wake up at a determined date:
echo 0 > /sys/class/rtc/rtc0/wakealarm echo $(date +%s -d '2020-12-22 8:40:00') > /sys/class/rtc/rtc0/wakealarm poweroff
The limit of the alarm is 1 week in the future. But as default it repeats the scheduled days every week.
This alarm works only if these patches were commited:
http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/project/openwrt/patch/12171393.lrVZulmrcU@tool
http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/project/openwrt/patch/6133600.ifz057I5f4@tool
GPIOs
| GPIO pin | dir | Voltage | Function | PCB markings |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | in | 3.3 | UART-RX | ls421de-uart.jpg |
| 1 | out | 3.3 | UART-TX | |
| 2 | io | 3.3 | I2C-SCK | |
| 3 | io | 3.3 | I2C-SDA | |
| 4 | out | 3.3 | CPU POWER DOWN SIGNAL | |
| 5 | out | 3.3 | USB POWER | |
| 6 | out | 3.3 | USB Over Current (not used in OpenWrt) | U40 (not soldered), D20:ls421de-gpio6_usbback.jpg D24: ls421de-gpio6_usbfront.jpg |
| 7 | out | 3.3 | LED SYSTEM RED | |
| 8 | out | 3.3 | SATA1 POWER | |
| 9 | out | 3.3 | SATA2 POWER | |
| 10 | in | 3.3 | FAN alarm | |
| 11 | out | 3.3 | Hard Disk 1 Present | |
| 12 | out | 3.3 | Hard Disk 2 Present | |
| 13 | out | 3.3 | FAN high | |
| 14 | out | 3.3 | FAN low | |
| 15 | in | 3.3 | SWITCH POWER | |
| 16 | in | 3.3 | BUTTON FRONT | |
| 17 | out | 1.8 | GE-MDC | |
| 18 | io | 1.8 | GE-MDIO | |
| 19 | out | 1.8 | GE-TXCLK | |
| 20 | out | 1.8 | GE-TXD0 | |
| 21 | out | 1.8 | GE-TXD1 | |
| 22 | out | 1.8 | GE-TXD2 | |
| 23 | out | 1.8 | GE-TXD3 | |
| 24 | out | 1.8 | GE-TXCTL | |
| 25 | in | 1.8 | GE-RXD0 | |
| 26 | in | 1.8 | GE-RXD1 | |
| 27 | in | 1.8 | GE-RXD2 | |
| 28 | in | 1.8 | GE-RXD2 | |
| 29 | in | 1.8 | GE-RXCTL | |
| 30 | in | 1.8 | GE-RXCLK | |
| 31 | - | 1.8 | unused | R72 (not soldered), R189 (pull-up) |
| 32 | out | 3.3 | SPI-CS0 | ls421de-spi_gpios.jpg |
| 33 | out | 3.3 | NAND-CS0 | |
| 34 | out | 3.3 | NAND-WEN | |
| 35 | out | 3.3 | NAND-REN | |
| 36 | out | 3.3 | NAND-ALE | |
| 37 | out | 3.3 | NAND-CLE | |
| 38 | in | 3.3 | NAND-READY | |
| 39 | io | 3.3 | NAND-IO0 | |
| 40 | io | 3.3 | NAND-IO1 | |
| 41 | io | 3.3 | NAND-IO2 | |
| 42 | io | 3.3 | NAND-IO3 | |
| 43 | io | 3.3 | NAND-IO4 | |
| 44 | io | 3.3 | NAND-IO5 | |
| 45 | io | 3.3 | NAND-IO6 | |
| 46 | io | 3.3 | NAND-IO7 | |
| 47 | out | 3.3 | SD-CLK | ls421de-sd_gpios.jpg (not soldered) |
| 48 | io | 3.3 | SD-CMD | |
| 49 | io | 3.3 | SD-D0 | |
| 50 | io | 3.3 | SD-D1 | |
| 51 | io | 3.3 | SD-D2 | |
| 52 | io | 3.3 | SD-D3 | |
| 53 | in | 3.3 | USB3.0 PCIe WAKE# | R326 (not soldered) |
| 54 | out | 3.3 | LED POWER WHITE | |
| 55 | out | 3.3 | LED POWER RED | |
| 56 | in | 3.3 | USB3.0 PCIe CLKREQ0# | pin10 at μPD720202 USB3.0 chip, R67 (not soldered), R68 |
| 57 | out | 3.3 | LED POWER ORANGE | |
| 58 | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| 59 | out | 3.3 | LED SYSTEM | |
| 60 | out | 3.3 | USB3.0 PCIe RESET# | pin 47 at μPD720202 USB3.0 chip, R218 (not soldered), miniPCIE pads (not soldered) |
| 61 | out | 3.3 | LED SATA1 | |
| 62 | out | 3.3 | LED SATA2 | |
| 63 | out | 3.3 | SPI-SCK | ls421de-spi_gpios.jpg |
| 64 | in | 3.3 | SPI-MISO | |
| 65 | out | 3.3 | SPI-MOSI |
Bootlogs
OEM bootlog
BootROM 1.08 Booting from SPI flash DDR3 Training Sequence - Ver 2.3.5 DDR3 Training Sequence - Ended Successfully BootROM: Image checksum verification PASSED ========================= ==== Welcome to YANAGI == ========================= ** LOADER ** U-Boot 2009.08-svn ( 4月 09 2013 - 19:15:41)Marvell version: 1.1.3 NQ U-Boot Addressing: Code: 00600000:006AFFF0 BSS: 006F8360 Stack: 0x5fff70 PageTable: 0x8e0000 Heap address: 0x900000:0xe00000 BUFFALO_BOOTVER=0.06 Board: Buffalo LS-M 88f6710 SoC: MV6710 A1 CPU: Marvell PJ4B v7 UP (Rev 1) LE CPU @ 1200Mhz, L2 @ 600Mhz DDR @ 600Mhz, TClock @ 200Mhz DDR 16Bit Width, FastPath Memory Access PEX 0: Root Complex Interface, Detected Link X1 PEX 1: Detected No Link. DRAM: 512 MB CS 0: base 0x00000000 size 512 MB Addresses 14M - 0M are saved for the U-Boot usage. SF: Detected MX25L8006E with page size 256, total 1048576 bytes NAND: 512 MiB u-boot envinit tval=e4cefcd5 FPU not initialized USB 0: Host Mode USB 1: Host Mode Shutting down unused interfaces: AUDIO TDM Modules/Interfaces Detected: SDIO RGMII0 Phy RGMII1 Phy PEX0 (Lane 0) PEX1 (Lane 1) SATA0 (Lane 2) SATA1 (Lane 3) HDD1 Power ON HDD0 Power ON Marvell Serial ATA Adapter Integrated Sata device found Device 0 @ 0 0: Model: WDC WD10EFRX-68FYTN0 Firm: 82.00A82 Ser#: WD-XXXXXXXXXXXX Type: Hard Disk Supports 48-bit addressing Capacity: 953869.7 MB = 931.5 GB (1953525168 x 512) Device 1 @ 0 1: Model: WDC WD10EFRX-68PJCN0 Firm: 82.00A82 Ser#: WD-XXXXXXXXXXXX Type: Hard Disk Supports 48-bit addressing Capacity: 953869.7 MB = 931.5 GB (1953525168 x 512) MAC Address : XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX MAC Address read from block device 0 : ** Bad partition 1 ** MAC Address read from block device 1 : ** Bad partition 1 ** MMC: MRVL_MMC: 0 Net: egiga0, egiga1 [PRIME] hit any key to switch tftp boot. Hit any key to stop autoboot: 2 1 0 Hit any key to stop autoboot: 3 2 1 0 ### JFFS2 loading '/uImage.buffalo' to 0x1200000 Scanning JFFS2 FS: . done. ### JFFS2 load complete: 2894408 bytes loaded to 0x1200000 ### JFFS2 loading '/initrd.buffalo' to 0x2600000 ### JFFS2 load complete: 11854685 bytes loaded to 0x2600000 ## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at 01200000 ... Image Name: Linux-3.3.4 Created: 2013-05-29 18:55:47 UTC Image Type: ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 2894344 Bytes = 2.8 MB Load Address: 00008000 Entry Point: 00008000 Verifying Checksum ... OK ## Loading init Ramdisk from Legacy Image at 02600000 ... Image Name: initramfs Created: 2013-05-29 19:21:58 UTC Image Type: ARM Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed) Data Size: 11854621 Bytes = 11.3 MB Load Address: 00000000 Entry Point: 00000000 Verifying Checksum ... OK Loading Kernel Image ... OK OK Starting kernel ... Uncompressing Linux... done, booting the kernel. Booting Linux on physical CPU 0 Initializing cgroup subsys cpu Linux version 3.3.4 (root@debian) (gcc version 4.6.2 (Linaro GCC branch-4.6.2. Marvell GCC 201201-883.01c949de) ) #1 Thu May 30 03:55:41 JST 2013 CPU: Marvell PJ4Bv7 Processor [561f5811] revision 1 (ARMv7), cr=10c53c7d CPU: PIPT / VIPT nonaliasing data cache, PIPT instruction cache Machine: Marvell Armada-370 Using UBoot passing parameters structure >>>>>>>Tag MAC XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX >>>>>>>Tag MAC XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX Memory policy: ECC disabled, Data cache writealloc Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping off. Total pages: 130048 Kernel command line: console=ttyS0,115200 root=/dev/sda2 rw initrd=0x2600040 panic=5 BOOTVER=0.06 UBOOT_DATE=2013/04/09 mtdparts=armada-nand:0x2000000(boot),0x1e000000(rootfs) nandboot=yes PID hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes) Dentry cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 6, 262144 bytes) Inode-cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 131072 bytes) Memory: 512MB = 512MB total Memory: 498168k/498168k available, 26120k reserved, 0K highmem Virtual kernel memory layout: vector : 0xffff0000 - 0xffff1000 ( 4 kB) fixmap : 0xfff00000 - 0xfffe0000 ( 896 kB) vmalloc : 0xe0800000 - 0xff000000 ( 488 MB) lowmem : 0xc0000000 - 0xe0000000 ( 512 MB) pkmap : 0xbfe00000 - 0xc0000000 ( 2 MB) modules : 0xbf000000 - 0xbfe00000 ( 14 MB) .text : 0xc0008000 - 0xc053383c (5295 kB) .init : 0xc0534000 - 0xc0559000 ( 148 kB) .data : 0xc055a000 - 0xc0589840 ( 191 kB) .bss : 0xc0589864 - 0xc05c2350 ( 227 kB) NR_IRQS:256 axp_time_init Calibrating delay loop... 1196.85 BogoMIPS (lpj=5984256) pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301 Mount-cache hash table entries: 512 CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok hw perfevents: no hardware support available Setting up static identity map for 0x3da858 - 0x3da89c devtmpfs: initialized xor: measuring software checksum speed arm4regs : 1151.600 MB/sec 8regs : 817.600 MB/sec 32regs : 1149.600 MB/sec xor: using function: arm4regs (1151.600 MB/sec) NET: Registered protocol family 16 L0 cache Enabled Speculative Prefetch Disabled aurora_l2_init Aurora: Enabling L2 AuroraL2: System L2 cache support initialised Support IO coherency. Enable DLB and DRAM write coalescing CPU Interface ------------- SDRAM_CS0 ....base 00000000, size 512MB SDRAM_CS1 ....disable SDRAM_CS2 ....disable SDRAM_CS3 ....disable DEVICE_CS0 ....base f2000000, size 32MB DEVICE_CS1 ....no such DEVICE_CS2 ....no such DEVICE_CS3 ....no such PEX0_MEM ....base e0000000, size 32MB PEX0_IO ....base f1100000, size 1MB PEX1_MEM ....base e2000000, size 32MB PEX1_IO ....base f1200000, size 1MB INTER_REGS ....base d0000000, size 1MB DMA_UART ....no such SPI_CS0 ....base f0000000, size 16MB SPI_CS1 ....no such SPI_CS2 ....no such SPI_CS3 ....no such SPI_CS4 ....no such SPI_CS5 ....no such SPI_CS6 ....no such SPI_CS7 ....no such BOOT_ROM_CS ....no such DEV_BOOTCS ....base f5000000, size 16MB PMU_SCRATCHPAD ....no such CRYPT0_ENG ....base c8010000, size 64KB Marvell Armada370 Board-- YANAGI Soc: MV6710 A1 LE LSP version: Armada370_LSP_3.1.0_p15_NQ Detected Tclk 200000000, SysClk 600000000, FabricClk 600000000 gpiochip_add: registered GPIOs 0 to 64 on device: mv_gpio hw-breakpoint: debug architecture 0x4 unsupported. Marvell USB EHCI Host controller #0: d004c400 Marvell USB EHCI Host controller #1: d004c200 PCI host bridge to bus 0000:00 pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [io 0x0000-0xfffff] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [mem 0xe0000000-0xe1ffffff] PCI: bus0: Fast back to back transfers disabled PCI host bridge to bus 0000:01 pci_bus 0000:01: root bus resource [io 0x100000-0x1fffff] pci_bus 0000:01: root bus resource [mem 0xe2000000-0xe3ffffff] PCI: bus1: Fast back to back transfers enabled pci 0000:00:01.0: BAR 0: assigned [mem 0xe0000000-0xe0001fff 64bit] bio: create slab <bio-0> at 0 raid6: int32x1 135 MB/s raid6: int32x2 210 MB/s raid6: int32x4 203 MB/s raid6: int32x8 244 MB/s raid6: using algorithm int32x8 (244 MB/s) vgaarb: loaded SCSI subsystem initialized Switching to clocksource armada370_clocksource NET: Registered protocol family 2 IP route cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) TCP established hash table entries: 16384 (order: 5, 131072 bytes) TCP bind hash table entries: 16384 (order: 4, 65536 bytes) TCP: Hash tables configured (established 16384 bind 16384) TCP reno registered UDP hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) UDP-Lite hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) NET: Registered protocol family 1 RPC: Registered named UNIX socket transport module. RPC: Registered udp transport module. RPC: Registered tcp transport module. RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module. Trying to unpack rootfs image as initramfs... Freeing initrd memory: 11576K cesadev_init(c053bb7c) mvCesaInit: channels=1, session=640, queue=64 Armada XP hwmon thermal sensor initialized. Initializing Armada-XP CPU power management (DISABLED) MICON ctrl (C) BUFFALO INC. V.1.00 installed. Buffalo Gpio Control Driver (C) BUFFALO INC. Ver.1.00 installed. Buffalo CPU Inerupts Driver (C) BUFFALO INC. Ver.0.01 alpha1 installed. Kernel event proc (C) BUFFALO INC. V.1.00 installed. initial_polarity_val = 0x0001f800 initial_polarity_val_high = 0x00000000 Buffalo GPIO SATA Hotplug Event Driver (C) BUFFALO INC. Ver.1.00 installed. VFS: Disk quotas dquot_6.5.2 Dquot-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order 0, 4096 bytes) JFFS2 version 2.2. (NAND) © 2001-2006 Red Hat, Inc. fuse init (API version 7.18) SGI XFS with ACLs, security attributes, large block/inode numbers, no debug enabled SGI XFS Quota Management subsystem msgmni has been set to 995 async_tx: api initialized (async) io scheduler noop registered io scheduler deadline registered io scheduler cfq registered (default) Initializing ths8200_init Initializing dove_adi9889_init mv_xor_shared mv_xor_shared.0: Marvell shared XOR driver mv_xor_shared mv_xor_shared.1: Marvell shared XOR driver mv_xor mv_xor.0: Marvell XOR: ( xor ) mv_xor mv_xor.1: Marvell XOR: ( xor ) mv_xor mv_xor.2: Marvell XOR: ( cpy ) mv_xor mv_xor.3: Marvell XOR: ( fill cpy ) Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 2 ports, IRQ sharing disabled serial8250.0: ttyS0 at MMIO 0xd0012000 (irq = 41) is a 16550A console [ttyS0] enabled brd: module loaded loop: module loaded ** BUFFALO Disable Command Queuing Function [sata_mv sata_mv.0] ** sata_mv sata_mv.0: slots 32 ports 2 scsi0 : sata_mv scsi1 : sata_mv ata1: SATA max UDMA/133 irq 55 ata2: SATA max UDMA/133 irq 55 SPI Serial flash detected @ 0xf0000000, 1024KB (16sec x 64KB) armada-nand armada-nand.0: Initialize HAL based NFC in 8bit mode with DMA Disabled using BCH 4bit ECC NAND device: Manufacturer ID: 0xad, Chip ID: 0xdc (Hynix NAND 512MiB 3,3V 8-bit) Bad block table found at page 262080, version 0x01 Bad block table found at page 262016, version 0x01 nand_read_bbt: bad block at 0x000002f20000 nand_read_bbt: bad block at 0x000006120000 nand_read_bbt: bad block at 0x000009da0000 nand_read_bbt: bad block at 0x00000fbe0000 nand_read_bbt: bad block at 0x000016280000 2 cmdlinepart partitions found on MTD device armada-nand Creating 2 MTD partitions on "armada-nand": 0x000000000000-0x000002000000 : "boot" 0x000002000000-0x000020000000 : "rootfs" mv_eth_probe: port_mask=0x3, cpu_mask=0x1 0 - Base 0x00000000 , Size = 0x20000000. 4 - Base 0xf2000000 , Size = 0x02000000. 8 - Base 0xe0000000 , Size = 0x02000000. 9 - Base 0xf1100000 , Size = 0x00100000. 10 - Base 0xe2000000 , Size = 0x02000000. 11 - Base 0xf1200000 , Size = 0x00100000. 12 - Base 0xd0000000 , Size = 0x00100000. 14 - Base 0xf0000000 , Size = 0x01000000. 23 - Base 0xf5000000 , Size = 0x01000000. 25 - Base 0xc8010000 , Size = 0x00010000. o 2 Giga ports supported o NETA acceleration mode 1 o RX Queue support: 1 Queues * 128 Descriptors o TX Queue support: 1 Queues * 512 Descriptors o GSO supported o GRO supported o Receive checksum offload supported o Transmit checksum offload supported o Driver ERROR statistics enabled o Switch support enabled o Loading network interface(s) o Port 0 is connected to Linux netdevice giga p=0: mtu=1500, mac=d002beec o eth0, ifindex = 2, GbE port = 0 o Port 1 is connected to Linux netdevice giga p=1: mtu=1500, mac=d002beec o eth1, ifindex = 3, GbE port = 1 sky2: driver version 1.30 i2c /dev entries driver rtc-rs5c372 0-0032: clock needs to be set rtc-rs5c372 0-0032: rs5c372a found, 24hr, driver version 0.6 rtc-rs5c372 0-0032: rtc core: registered rtc-rs5c372 as rtc0 md: linear personality registered for level -1 md: raid0 personality registered for level 0 md: raid1 personality registered for level 1 md: raid10 personality registered for level 10 md: raid6 personality registered for level 6 md: raid5 personality registered for level 5 md: raid4 personality registered for level 4 cpuidle: using governor ladder cpuidle: using governor menu mmc0: mvsdio driver initialized, lacking card detect (fall back to polling) TCP cubic registered NET: Registered protocol family 17 VFP support v0.3: implementor 56 architecture 2 part 20 variant 9 rev 6 rtc-rs5c372 0-0032: hctosys: unable to read the hardware clock ata1: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl F300) ata1.00: ATA-9: WDC WD10EFRX-68FYTN0, 82.00A82, max UDMA/133 ata1.00: 1953525168 sectors, multi 0: LBA48 NCQ (depth 0/32) ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133 scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access ATA WDC WD10EFRX-68F 82.0 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 1953525168 512-byte logical blocks: (1.00 TB/931 GiB) sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 4096-byte physical blocks sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA sda: unknown partition table sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk ata2: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl F300) ata2.00: ATA-9: WDC WD10EFRX-68PJCN0, 82.00A82, max UDMA/133 ata2.00: 1953525168 sectors, multi 0: LBA48 NCQ (depth 0/32) ata2.00: configured for UDMA/133 scsi 1:0:0:0: Direct-Access ATA WDC WD10EFRX-68P 82.0 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] 1953525168 512-byte logical blocks: (1.00 TB/931 GiB) sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] 4096-byte physical blocks sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA sdb: unknown partition table sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI disk Freeing init memory: 148K ---- in /init --- mount: mounting shm on /dev/shm failed: No such file or directory mount: mounting devpts on /dev/pts failed: No such file or directory ldconfig: /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6.0.16-gdb.py is not an ELF file - it has the wrong magic bytes at the start. err: libsys: nas_feature : using /root/.nas_features/EU/0x0000300C Checking the existance of micon ... LS-WSGL/R1Ver1.0 libsys: /etc/sysctl.conf : using /root/.params/sysctl/0x0000300C cp: can't stat '/root/.params/sysctl/0x0000300C.iSCSI': No such file or directory ls: /dev/rtc: No such file or directory libsys: /dev/rtc was updated : /dev/rtc 254 0 hwclock: ioctl(RTC_RD_TIME) to /dev/rtc to read the time failed: Invalid argument Thu Nov 1 00:00:00 JST 2007 hwclock: ioctl(RTC_RD_TIME) to /dev/rtc to read the time failed: Invalid argument Thu Nov 1 00:00:00 JST 2007 *** Caution!!! /etc/fanctld.conf create failed! ldconfig: /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6.0.16-gdb.py is not an ELF file - it has the wrong magic bytes at the start. modprobe: module e1000e not found in modules.dep LibSys_GetUsbDiskStartNum : Usb device not found(/sys/block/sdc/device). Returning 3 grep: /var/tmp/devlink: No such file or directory create_devlink:Using new routine. linuxrc:choose operation (timeout 4[s]) 1:RamRoot 2:sda1 2:sda2 other:HddRoot ? -HddRoot- -- rebuild mdadm.conf for BOOT, ROOTFS with Intelligent routine -- checkDiskStatus : disk1 plugged checkDiskStatus : disk1 LibSys_IsScsiDeviceExist [1] 0:0:0:0 checkDiskStatus : disk2 plugged checkDiskStatus : disk2 LibSys_IsScsiDeviceExist [1] 1:0:0:0 checkDiskStatus : disk1 plugged checkDiskPeformance : disk1 performans test ... 152117 kB/s [OK] checkDiskStatus : disk2 plugged checkDiskPeformance : disk2 performans test ... 148686 kB/s [OK] mount: mounting /dev/disk1_1 on /tmp/boot_test failed: No such file or directory mount: mounting /dev/disk2_1 on /tmp/boot_test failed: No such file or directory libmd: GetMdBaseDisk : Selected 0 mdadm: cannot open /dev/disk?_1: No such file or directory mdadm: cannot open /dev/disk??_1: No such file or directory mdadm: cannot open /dev/disk?_2: No such file or directory mdadm: cannot open /dev/disk??_2: No such file or directory mdadm: cannot open /dev/disk?_5: No such file or directory mdadm: cannot open /dev/disk??_5: No such file or directory mdadm: No devices listed in conf file were found. -- setup max error counts -- /sys/block/md0/md/maxerr_cnt is setted to -1 /usr/local/lib/libmd: line 765: /sys/block/md0/md/maxerr_cnt: No such file or directory /sys/block/md1/md/maxerr_cnt is setted to -1 /usr/local/lib/libmd: line 765: /sys/block/md1/md/maxerr_cnt: No such file or directory /sys/block/md2/md/maxerr_cnt is setted to -1 /usr/local/lib/libmd: line 765: /sys/block/md2/md/maxerr_cnt: No such file or directory /usr/local/bin/hdd_raid_syncspeed.sh: line 148: /sys/block/md0/md/sync_speed_max: No such file or directory /usr/local/bin/hdd_raid_syncspeed.sh: line 148: /sys/block/md1/md/sync_speed_max: No such file or directory /usr/local/bin/hdd_raid_syncspeed.sh: line 148: /sys/block/md2/md/sync_speed_max: No such file or directory Starting :fsck_disks(boot) ... [Failed. ] Starting :mount(boot) ... [Failed. ] mount: mounting /dev/md1 on /rootfs failed: No such file or directory mount: mounting /dev/md1 on /rootfs failed: No such file or directory TestRootfs failed -RamdiskRoot- --- rcStart (initrd) --- mount: mounting proc on /proc failed: Device or resource busy mount: mounting sysfs on /sys failed: Device or resource busy ldconfig: /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6.0.16-gdb.py is not an ELF file - it has the wrong magic bytes at the start. Cannot set device ring parameters: Operation not supported Cannot set device ring parameters: Operation not supported Cannot set device ring parameters: Operation not supported Cannot set device ring parameters: Operation not supported Cannot get device ring settings: No such device Cannot get device ring settings: No such device Cannot get device ring settings: No such device Cannot get device ring settings: No such device modprobe: module e1000e not found in modules.dep === checkroot.sh === grep: /var/tmp/devlink: No such file or directory create_devlink:Using new routine. swapon: can't stat '/dev/md2': No such file or directory create dir : /var/www === create_devlink.sh === create_devlink:Using new routine. === startSysMd.sh === -- rebuild mdadm.conf for BOOT, ROOTFS with Intelligent routine -- checkDiskStatus : disk1 plugged checkDiskStatus : disk1 LibSys_IsScsiDeviceExist [1] 0:0:0:0 checkDiskStatus : disk2 plugged checkDiskStatus : disk2 LibSys_IsScsiDeviceExist [1] 1:0:0:0 checkDiskStatus : disk1 plugged checkDiskPeformance : disk1 performans test ... 152110 kB/s [OK] checkDiskStatus : disk2 plugged checkDiskPeformance : disk2 performans test ... 149027 kB/s [OK] mount: mounting /dev/disk1_1 on /tmp/boot_test failed: No such file or directory mount: mounting /dev/disk2_1 on /tmp/boot_test failed: No such file or directory libmd: GetMdBaseDisk : Selected 0 mdadm: cannot open /dev/disk?_1: No such file or directory mdadm: cannot open /dev/disk??_1: No such file or directory mdadm: cannot open /dev/disk?_2: No such file or directory mdadm: cannot open /dev/disk??_2: No such file or directory mdadm: cannot open /dev/disk?_5: No such file or directory mdadm: cannot open /dev/disk??_5: No such file or directory mdadm: No devices listed in conf file were found. -- setup max error counts -- /sys/block/md0/md/maxerr_cnt is setted to -1 /usr/local/lib/libmd: line 765: /sys/block/md0/md/maxerr_cnt: No such file or directory /sys/block/md1/md/maxerr_cnt is setted to -1 /usr/local/lib/libmd: line 765: /sys/block/md1/md/maxerr_cnt: No such file or directory /sys/block/md2/md/maxerr_cnt is setted to -1 /usr/local/lib/libmd: line 765: /sys/block/md2/md/maxerr_cnt: No such file or directory /usr/local/bin/hdd_raid_syncspeed.sh: line 148: /sys/block/md0/md/sync_speed_max: No such file or directory /usr/local/bin/hdd_raid_syncspeed.sh: line 148: /sys/block/md1/md/sync_speed_max: No such file or directory /usr/local/bin/hdd_raid_syncspeed.sh: line 148: /sys/block/md2/md/sync_speed_max: No such file or directory === fwupdate.sh === umount: can't umount /boot: Invalid argument mkdir: can't create directory '/boot': File exists mount: mounting /dev/md0 on /boot failed: No such file or directory === check_nandboot.sh === grep: /tmp/check_nandboot: No such file or directory === acpid.sh === /etc/init.d/rcS: line 43: /etc/init.d/acpid.sh: No such file or directory === closeSysMd.sh === mdadm: error opening /dev/md0: No such file or directory mdadm: error opening /dev/md1: No such file or directory mdadm: error opening /dev/md2: No such file or directory === sethostname.sh === configure files from Buffalo parameters. === restore_config.sh === -- rebuild mdadm.conf for BOOT -- mdadm: cannot open /dev/disk?_1: No such file or directory mdadm: cannot open /dev/disk??_1: No such file or directory mdadm: No devices listed in conf file were found. -- setup max error counts -- /sys/block/md0/md/maxerr_cnt is setted to -1 /usr/local/lib/libmd: line 765: /sys/block/md0/md/maxerr_cnt: No such file or directory mount: mounting /dev/md0 on /boot failed: No such file or directory Restore previous configuration files tar (child): /boot/conf_save.tgz: Cannot open: No such file or directory tar (child): Error is not recoverable: exiting now tar (child): /boot/conf_save.tgz: Cannot open: No such file or directory tar (child): Error is not recoverable: exiting now /bin/tar: Child returned status 2 /bin/tar: Error is not recoverable: exiting now /bin/tar: Child returned status 2 /bin/tar: Error is not recoverable: exiting now unzip fail. /tmp/etc/localtime -> BusyBox v1.19.4 (2013-05-13 21:53:16 JST) multi-call binary. Usage: dirname FILENAME Strip non-directory suffix from FILENAME BusyBox v1.19.4 (2013-05-13 21:53:16 JST) multi-call binary. Usage: mkdir [OPTIONS] DIRECTORY... Create DIRECTORY -m MODE Mode -p No error if exists; make parent directories as needed umount: can't umount /boot: Invalid argument rootfs on / type rootfs (rw,relatime) proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime) sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime) udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,relatime,size=10240k,nr_inodes=62271,mode=755) /dev/ram1 on /mnt/ram type tmpfs (rw,relatime,size=15360k) PID USER COMMAND 1 root init 2 root [kthreadd] 3 root [ksoftirqd/0] 4 root [kworker/0:0] 5 root [kworker/u:0] 6 root [khelper] 7 root [kdevtmpfs] 8 root [kworker/u:1] 142 root [sync_supers] 144 root [bdi-default] 146 root [kblockd] 153 root [ata_sff] 159 root [md] 179 root [rpciod] 180 root [kworker/0:1] 183 root [crypto] 184 root [crypto_ret] 197 root [kswapd0] 198 root [fsnotify_mark] 199 root [nfsiod] 201 root [xfs_mru_cache] 202 root [xfslogd] 203 root [xfsdatad] 204 root [xfsconvertd] 205 root [crypto] 317 root [scsi_eh_0] 320 root [scsi_eh_1] 323 root [kworker/u:2] 324 root [kworker/u:3] 335 root [mtdblock0] 341 root [mtdblock1] 346 root [mtdblock2] 369 root [kworker/u:4] 754 root {rcS} /bin/sh /etc/init.d/rcS 1325 root {restore_config.} /bin/sh /etc/init.d/restore_config.sh start 1353 root ps mdadm: error opening /dev/md0: No such file or directory mdadm: error opening /dev/md1: No such file or directory mdadm: error opening /dev/md2: No such file or directory grep: /etc/melco/iscsi_info: No such file or directory /etc/init.d/restore_config.sh: line 59: perl: command not found === EnablingAutoip.sh === === networking.sh === /etc/init.d/networking.sh : Clear /etc/dhcpc/dhcpcd-eth0.pid eth0 /etc/init.d/networking.sh : Clear /etc/dhcpc/dhcpcd-eth1.pid eth1 /etc/init.d/networking.sh : Clear /etc/dhcpc/dhcpcd-bond0.pid bond0 /etc/init.d/networking.sh : Read dhcpc file /etc/init.d/networking.sh : configure : create network files.. (eth0) IP=[dhcp], netmask=[], dgw=[], dns1=[], dns2=[] create network files.. (eth1) IP=[dhcp], netmask=[], dgw=[] dhcpcd: no process found /etc/init.d/networking.sh : Delete /etc/dhcpc/dhcpcd-.pid Configuration network interface: lo eth0 eth1 /sbin/ifconfig eth0 mtu 1500 multicast /sbin/ifconfig eth1 mtu 1500 multicast requesting DHCP tout=30[s] networking.sh: dhcp requesting... DontDownIfacepool #1: pkt_size=1536, buf_size=1632 - 256 of 256 buffers added alwaysFork eth1: link up eth1: link up, full duplex, speed 1 Gbps eth1: started SIOCGIFADDR :Cannot assign requested address sendto: count 6 sync 0 sendto: count 6 sync 0 dhcpcd.exe: interface eth1 has been configured with new IP=X.X.X.X GATEWAY=X.X.X.X ** eth1 : networking.sh dhcp fin. /sbin/ifconfig eth0 netmask Waiting 1421 ...finished. Checking network address for each network device SIOCGIFADDR :No such device networking.sh: arp_newip_notify_sub : Can't get ipaddr of eth0. networking.sh: arp_newip_notify_sub : executing arping -A X.X.X.X -I eth1 -c 1 configure files from Buffalo parameters. === syslog.sh === Starting system logger: load_info ItemValue = off LoadConfFileStringEx:key=[ad_dns] not found in /etc/melco/info. LoadConfFileOnOffEx:key=[info_visible] not found in /etc/melco/info. LoadConfFileOnOffEx:key=[smb2] not found in /etc/melco/info. Starting kernel logger: === kernelmon.sh === Starting kernelmon:=== fanctld.sh === * Starting fanctld ... [ ok ] === usb.sh === usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs usbcore: registered new interface driver hub usbcore: registered new device driver usb xhci_hcd 0000:00:01.0: xHCI Host Controller xhci_hcd 0000:00:01.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1 xhci_hcd 0000:00:01.0: irq 58, io mem 0xe0000000 hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found hub 1-0:1.0: 2 ports detected xhci_hcd 0000:00:01.0: xHCI Host Controller xhci_hcd 0000:00:01.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 2 hub 2-0:1.0: USB hub found hub 2-0:1.0: 2 ports detected ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver ehci_marvell ehci_marvell.0: Marvell Orion EHCI ehci_marvell ehci_marvell.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 3 ehci_marvell ehci_marvell.0: irq 45, io base 0xfbb50100 ehci_marvell ehci_marvell.0: USB 2.0 started, EHCI 1.00 hub 3-0:1.0: USB hub found hub 3-0:1.0: 1 port detected ehci_marvell ehci_marvell.1: Marvell Orion EHCI ehci_marvell ehci_marvell.1: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 4 ehci_marvell ehci_marvell.1: irq 46, io base 0xfbb51100 ehci_marvell ehci_marvell.1: USB 2.0 started, EHCI 1.00 hub 4-0:1.0: USB hub found hub 4-0:1.0: 1 port detected ohci_hcd: USB 1.1 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver Initializing USB Mass Storage driver... usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage USB Mass Storage support registered. usbcore: registered new interface driver usblp grep: /etc/melco/usbshareinfo: No such file or directory /usr/local/lib/libsys: line 1078: sqlite3: command not found grep: /etc/melco/usbshareinfo: No such file or directory /usr/local/lib/libsys: line 1078: sqlite3: command not found KERNELMOn (SATA 0 plugged) /usr/local/lib/libsys: line 1103: sqlite3: command not found /usr/local/lib/libsys: line 1103: sqlite3: command not found /usr/local/lib/libsys: line 1115: sqlite3: command not found /usr/local/lib/libsys: line 1115: sqlite3: command not found === clientUtil_servd.sh === Starting clientUtil_server: ->Starting on eth1 ->Starting on eth0 === daemonwatch.sh === Starting daemonwatch:daemonwatch Ver.1.01 watch list file : /etc/daemonwatch.list === bootcomplete.sh === No need to run drivecheck.sh KERNELMOn (SATA 1 plugged) /usr/local/bin/hdd_raid_syncspeed.sh: line 148: /sys/block/md0/md/sync_speed_max: No such file or directory /usr/local/bin/hdd_raid_syncspeed.sh: line 148: /sys/block/md1/md/sync_speed_max: No such file or directory /usr/local/bin/hdd_raid_syncspeed.sh: line 148: /sys/block/md2/md/sync_speed_max: No such file or directory hdd_raid_syncspeed.sh: Adding EDP md devices hdd_raid_syncspeed.sh: USERLAND_MD=md10 md11 md12 md13 md14 md101 md102 === micon_setup.sh === === late_inspection_phase.sh === KERNELMOn (lanact 1000 full eth1) === buffalo_rescue.sh === buffalo_rescue.sh: Its not a usb boot environment. **** request DHCP eth1 BUFFALO INC. LinkStation series LS421DE-EM986 login: **** release DHCP IP eth1: stopped eth1: link up eth1: started ** eth1 : networking.sh dhcp fin. Checking network address for each network device Checking network address for each network device KERNELMOn (PSW_on) OF admin Password: admin@LS421DE-EM986:~$ netstat -l Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State netstat: /proc/net/tcp6: No such file or directory udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:bootpc 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22936 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22936 0.0.0.0:* netstat: /proc/net/udp6: No such file or directory netstat: /proc/net/raw6: No such file or directory Active UNIX domain sockets (only servers) Proto RefCnt Flags Type State I-Node Path
OpenWrt bootlog
BootROM 1.08 Booting from SPI flash DDR3 Training Sequence - Ver 2.3.5 DDR3 Training Sequence - Ended Successfully BootROM: Image checksum verification PASSED ========================= ==== Welcome to YANAGI == ========================= ** LOADER ** U-Boot 2009.08 ( 8�.. 28 2013 - 21:36:20)Marvell version: 1.1.3 NQ U-Boot Addressing: Code: 00600000:006AFFF0 BSS: 006F8360 Stack: 0x5fff70 PageTable: 0x8e0000 Heap address: 0x900000:0xe00000 BUFFALO_BOOTVER=0.13 Board: Buffalo LS-M 88f6710 SoC: MV6710 A1 CPU: Marvell PJ4B v7 UP (Rev 1) LE CPU @ 1200Mhz, L2 @ 600Mhz DDR @ 600Mhz, TClock @ 200Mhz DDR 16Bit Width, FastPath Memory Access PEX 0: Root Complex Interface, Detected Link X1 PEX 1: Detected No Link. DRAM: 512 MB CS 0: base 0x00000000 size 512 MB Addresses 14M - 0M are saved for the U-Boot usage. SF: Detected MX25L8006E with page size 256, total 1048576 bytes NAND: 512 MiB u-boot envinit tval=e4b4d147 FPU not initialized USB 0: Host Mode USB 1: Host Mode Shutting down unused interfaces: AUDIO TDM Modules/Interfaces Detected: SDIO RGMII0 Phy RGMII1 Phy PEX0 (Lane 0) PEX1 (Lane 1) SATA0 (Lane 2) SATA1 (Lane 3) Marvell Serial ATA Adapter Integrated Sata device found MAC Address : 10:6F:3F:CD:17:CC MMC: MRVL_MMC: 0 Net: egiga0, egiga1 [PRIME] hit any key to switch tftp boot. Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0 Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0 ### JFFS2 loading '/uImage.buffalo' to 0x1200000 Scanning JFFS2 FS: . done. ### JFFS2 load complete: 2834449 bytes loaded to 0x1200000 ### JFFS2 loading '/initrd.buffalo' to 0x2600000 ### JFFS2 load complete: 131072 bytes loaded to 0x2600000 ## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at 01200000 ... Image Name: ARM OpenWrt Linux-4.19.108 Created: 2020-03-24 14:42:52 UTC Image Type: ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 2834385 Bytes = 2.7 MB Load Address: 00008000 Entry Point: 00008000 Verifying Checksum ... OK ## Loading init Ramdisk from Legacy Image at 02600000 ... Image Name: fake initrd Created: 2020-03-24 14:42:52 UTC Image Type: ARM Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed) Data Size: 131008 Bytes = 127.9 kB Load Address: 00000000 Entry Point: 00000000 Verifying Checksum ... OK Loading Kernel Image ... OK OK Starting kernel ... [ 0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0x0 [ 0.000000] Linux version 4.19.108 (dani@tool) (gcc version 8.4.0 (OpenWrt GCC 8.4.0 r12706-1fb3c003d6)) #0 SMP Tue Mar 24 14:42:52 2020 [ 0.000000] CPU: ARMv7 Processor [561f5811] revision 1 (ARMv7), cr=10c5387d [ 0.000000] CPU: PIPT / VIPT nonaliasing data cache, PIPT instruction cache [ 0.000000] OF: fdt: Machine model: Buffalo LinkStation LS421DE [ 0.000000] Memory policy: Data cache writeback [ 0.000000] CPU: All CPU(s) started in SVC mode. [ 0.000000] random: get_random_bytes called from start_kernel+0x7c/0x4f0 with crng_init=0 [ 0.000000] percpu: Embedded 11 pages/cpu s15308 r8192 d21556 u45056 [ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 129920 [ 0.000000] Kernel command line: console=ttyS0,115200 earlyprintk noinitrd rootfstype=squashfs nullparameter=2 [ 0.000000] Bootloader command line (ignored): console=ttyS0,115200 root=/dev/sda2 rw initrd=0x2600040 panic=5 BOOTVER=0.13 UBOOT_DATE=2013/08/28 mtdparts=armada-nand:0x2000000(boot),0x1e000000(rootfs) nandbs [ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 6, 262144 bytes) [ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 131072 bytes) [ 0.000000] Memory: 509468K/524288K available (6144K kernel code, 213K rwdata, 1512K rodata, 1024K init, 230K bss, 14820K reserved, 0K cma-reserved, 0K highmem) [ 0.000000] Virtual kernel memory layout: [ 0.000000] vector : 0xffff0000 - 0xffff1000 ( 4 kB) [ 0.000000] fixmap : 0xffc00000 - 0xfff00000 (3072 kB) [ 0.000000] vmalloc : 0xe0800000 - 0xff800000 ( 496 MB) [ 0.000000] lowmem : 0xc0000000 - 0xe0000000 ( 512 MB) [ 0.000000] pkmap : 0xbfe00000 - 0xc0000000 ( 2 MB) [ 0.000000] modules : 0xbf000000 - 0xbfe00000 ( 14 MB) [ 0.000000] .text : 0x(ptrval) - 0x(ptrval) (7136 kB) [ 0.000000] .init : 0x(ptrval) - 0x(ptrval) (1024 kB) [ 0.000000] .data : 0x(ptrval) - 0x(ptrval) ( 214 kB) [ 0.000000] .bss : 0x(ptrval) - 0x(ptrval) ( 231 kB) [ 0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1 [ 0.000000] rcu: Hierarchical RCU implementation. [ 0.000000] rcu: RCU restricting CPUs from NR_CPUS=4 to nr_cpu_ids=1. [ 0.000000] rcu: Adjusting geometry for rcu_fanout_leaf=16, nr_cpu_ids=1 [ 0.000000] NR_IRQS: 16, nr_irqs: 16, preallocated irqs: 16 [ 0.000000] L2C: DT/platform modifies aux control register: 0x12086300 -> 0x1a086302 [ 0.000000] Aurora cache controller enabled, 4 ways, 256 kB [ 0.000000] Aurora: CACHE_ID 0x00000100, AUX_CTRL 0x1a086302 [ 0.000000] Switching to timer-based delay loop, resolution 53ns [ 0.000006] sched_clock: 32 bits at 18MHz, resolution 53ns, wraps every 114532461029ns [ 0.000020] clocksource: armada_370_xp_clocksource: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 101933890472 ns [ 0.000239] Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 37.50 BogoMIPS (lpj=187500) [ 0.000254] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301 [ 0.000375] Mount-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.000387] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.000957] CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok [ 0.001214] CPU0: thread -1, cpu 0, socket -1, mpidr 0 [ 0.001652] Setting up static identity map for 0x100000 - 0x100060 [ 0.001938] mvebu-soc-id: MVEBU SoC ID=0x6710, Rev=0x1 [ 0.002028] mvebu-pmsu: Initializing Power Management Service Unit [ 0.002160] rcu: Hierarchical SRCU implementation. [ 0.002540] smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ... [ 0.002550] smp: Brought up 1 node, 1 CPU [ 0.002557] SMP: Total of 1 processors activated (37.50 BogoMIPS). [ 0.002564] CPU: All CPU(s) started in SVC mode. [ 0.005610] VFP support v0.3: implementor 56 architecture 2 part 20 variant 9 rev 6 [ 0.005730] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 19112604462750000 ns [ 0.005747] futex hash table entries: 256 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) [ 0.005826] pinctrl core: initialized pinctrl subsystem [ 0.006406] NET: Registered protocol family 16 [ 0.006857] DMA: preallocated 256 KiB pool for atomic coherent allocations [ 0.007438] cpuidle: using governor ladder [ 0.029335] cryptd: max_cpu_qlen set to 1000 [ 0.030355] SCSI subsystem initialized [ 0.031334] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs [ 0.031377] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub [ 0.031419] usbcore: registered new device driver usb [ 0.034171] clocksource: Switched to clocksource armada_370_xp_clocksource [ 0.034902] NET: Registered protocol family 2 [ 0.035316] tcp_listen_portaddr_hash hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 6144 bytes) [ 0.035339] TCP established hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) [ 0.035367] TCP bind hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) [ 0.035405] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 4096 bind 4096) [ 0.035472] UDP hash table entries: 256 (order: 1, 8192 bytes) [ 0.035489] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 256 (order: 1, 8192 bytes) [ 0.035609] NET: Registered protocol family 1 [ 0.037898] Crashlog allocated RAM at address 0x3f00000 [ 0.038488] workingset: timestamp_bits=14 max_order=17 bucket_order=3 [ 0.042918] squashfs: version 4.0 (2009/01/31) Phillip Lougher [ 0.042929] jffs2: version 2.2 (NAND) (SUMMARY) (LZMA) (RTIME) (CMODE_PRIORITY) (c) 2001-2006 Red Hat, Inc. [ 0.053132] io scheduler noop registered [ 0.053147] io scheduler deadline registered (default) [ 0.054013] armada-370-pinctrl d0018000.pin-ctrl: registered pinctrl driver [ 0.056037] mvebu-pcie soc:pcie@82000000: PCI host bridge to bus 0000:00 [ 0.056057] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [bus 00-ff] [ 0.056067] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [mem 0xf8000000-0xffdfffff] [ 0.056075] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [io 0x1000-0xeffff] [ 0.057359] PCI: bus0: Fast back to back transfers disabled [ 0.057373] pci 0000:00:01.0: bridge configuration invalid ([bus 00-00]), reconfiguring [ 0.057721] pci 0000:01:00.0: 2.000 Gb/s available PCIe bandwidth, limited by 2.5 GT/s x1 link at 0000:00:01.0 (capable of 4.000 Gb/s with 5 GT/s x1 link) [ 0.058866] PCI: bus1: Fast back to back transfers disabled [ 0.058934] pci 0000:00:01.0: BAR 8: assigned [mem 0xf8000000-0xf80fffff] [ 0.058947] pci 0000:01:00.0: BAR 0: assigned [mem 0xf8000000-0xf8001fff 64bit] [ 0.058967] pci 0000:00:01.0: PCI bridge to [bus 01] [ 0.058978] pci 0000:00:01.0: bridge window [mem 0xf8000000-0xf80fffff] [ 0.059025] pci 0000:00:01.0: enabling device (0140 -> 0142) [ 0.059442] mv_xor d0060800.xor: Marvell shared XOR driver [ 0.114949] mv_xor d0060800.xor: Marvell XOR (Registers Mode): ( xor cpy intr ) [ 0.115158] mv_xor d0060900.xor: Marvell shared XOR driver [ 0.174939] mv_xor d0060900.xor: Marvell XOR (Registers Mode): ( xor cpy intr ) [ 0.175208] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 2 ports, IRQ sharing disabled [ 0.175704] console [ttyS0] disabled [ 0.195854] d0012000.serial: ttyS0 at MMIO 0xd0012000 (irq = 19, base_baud = 12500000) is a 16550A [ 0.840291] console [ttyS0] enabled [ 0.847333] loop: module loaded [ 0.851119] sata_mv d00a0000.sata: slots 32 ports 2 [ 0.859151] scsi host0: sata_mv [ 0.862973] scsi host1: sata_mv [ 0.866321] ata1: SATA max UDMA/133 irq 27 [ 0.870440] ata2: SATA max UDMA/133 irq 27 [ 0.876115] nand: device found, Manufacturer ID: 0xad, Chip ID: 0xdc [ 0.882527] nand: Hynix H27U4G8F2DTR-BC [ 0.886449] nand: 512 MiB, SLC, erase size: 128 KiB, page size: 2048, OOB size: 64 [ 0.894587] Bad block table found at page 262080, version 0x01 [ 0.900791] Bad block table found at page 262016, version 0x01 [ 0.906896] nand_read_bbt: bad block at 0x00000fbe0000 [ 0.912060] nand_read_bbt: bad block at 0x000011b80000 [ 0.917238] nand_read_bbt: bad block at 0x000013f40000 [ 0.922733] 3 fixed-partitions partitions found on MTD device pxa3xx_nand-0 [ 0.929764] Creating 3 MTD partitions on "pxa3xx_nand-0": [ 0.935215] 0x000000000000-0x000002000000 : "kernel" [ 0.940940] 0x000002000000-0x000020000000 : "ubi" [ 0.949200] 0x000000000000-0x000020000000 : "nand_all" [ 0.964175] m25p80 spi0.0: mx25l8005 (1024 Kbytes) [ 0.969169] 2 fixed-partitions partitions found on MTD device spi0.0 [ 0.975601] Creating 2 MTD partitions on "spi0.0": [ 0.980420] 0x000000000000-0x0000000f0000 : "u-boot" [ 0.985939] 0x0000000f0000-0x000000100000 : "u-boot-env" [ 0.992062] libphy: Fixed MDIO Bus: probed [ 0.996754] libphy: orion_mdio_bus: probed [ 1.005138] mvneta d0074000.ethernet eth0: Using random mac address 12:89:42:bc:43:5c [ 1.013237] ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver [ 1.019844] ehci-pci: EHCI PCI platform driver [ 1.024369] ehci-platform: EHCI generic platform driver [ 1.029720] ehci-orion: EHCI orion driver [ 1.033864] orion-ehci d0050000.usb: EHCI Host Controller [ 1.039333] orion-ehci d0050000.usb: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1 [ 1.047060] orion-ehci d0050000.usb: irq 25, io mem 0xd0050000 [ 1.074275] orion-ehci d0050000.usb: USB 2.0 started, EHCI 1.00 [ 1.080793] hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found [ 1.084870] hub 1-0:1.0: 1 port detected [ 1.089371] xhci_hcd 0000:01:00.0: xHCI Host Controller [ 1.094703] xhci_hcd 0000:01:00.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 2 [ 1.107523] xhci_hcd 0000:01:00.0: hcc params 0x014051cf hci version 0x100 quirks 0x0000000100000090 [ 1.118090] hub 2-0:1.0: USB hub found [ 1.122051] hub 2-0:1.0: 2 ports detected [ 1.126565] xhci_hcd 0000:01:00.0: xHCI Host Controller [ 1.131845] xhci_hcd 0000:01:00.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 3 [ 1.139332] xhci_hcd 0000:01:00.0: Host supports USB 3.0 SuperSpeed [ 1.146044] usb usb3: We don't know the algorithms for LPM for this host, disabling LPM. [ 1.154690] hub 3-0:1.0: USB hub found [ 1.158643] hub 3-0:1.0: 2 ports detected [ 1.163389] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage [ 1.169762] i2c /dev entries driver [ 1.204630] orion_wdt: Initial timeout 229 sec [ 1.209658] sdhci: Secure Digital Host Controller Interface driver [ 1.215917] sdhci: Copyright(c) Pierre Ossman [ 1.225976] ata1: SATA link down (SStatus 0 SControl F300) [ 1.244635] sdhci-pltfm: SDHCI platform and OF driver helper [ 1.257000] marvell-cesa d0090000.crypto: CESA device successfully registered [ 1.265376] NET: Registered protocol family 10 [ 1.273265] Segment Routing with IPv6 [ 1.277154] NET: Registered protocol family 17 [ 1.282385] 8021q: 802.1Q VLAN Support v1.8 [ 1.286833] Registering SWP/SWPB emulation handler [ 1.558875] ata2: SATA link down (SStatus 0 SControl F300) [ 6.223833] random: fast init done [ 11.525143] UBI: auto-attach mtd1 [ 11.528496] ubi0: attaching mtd1 [ 14.736171] ubi0: scanning is finished [ 14.749498] ubi0: attached mtd1 (name "ubi", size 480 MiB) [ 14.755098] ubi0: PEB size: 131072 bytes (128 KiB), LEB size: 126976 bytes [ 14.762013] ubi0: min./max. I/O unit sizes: 2048/2048, sub-page size 2048 [ 14.768882] ubi0: VID header offset: 2048 (aligned 2048), data offset: 4096 [ 14.775911] ubi0: good PEBs: 3829, bad PEBs: 11, corrupted PEBs: 0 [ 14.782124] ubi0: user volume: 2, internal volumes: 1, max. volumes count: 128 [ 14.789406] ubi0: max/mean erase counter: 2/1, WL threshold: 4096, image sequence number: 1138647508 [ 14.798606] ubi0: available PEBs: 0, total reserved PEBs: 3829, PEBs reserved for bad PEB handling: 69 [ 14.808882] block ubiblock0_0: created from ubi0:0(rootfs) [ 14.814466] ubiblock: device ubiblock0_0 (rootfs) set to be root filesystem [ 14.821674] hctosys: unable to open rtc device (rtc0) [ 14.827416] ubi0: background thread "ubi_bgt0d" started, PID 661 [ 14.838835] VFS: Mounted root (squashfs filesystem) readonly on device 254:0. [ 14.847601] Freeing unused kernel memory: 1024K [ 14.865132] Run /sbin/init as init process [ 15.074442] init: Console is alive [ 15.078113] init: - watchdog - [ 15.301358] kmodloader: loading kernel modules from /etc/modules-boot.d/* [ 15.362882] SGI XFS with security attributes, no debug enabled [ 15.373258] gpio-keys gpio_keys: does not support key code:148 [ 15.379237] gpio-keys gpio_keys: does not support key code:149 [ 15.385187] gpio-keys gpio_keys: does not support key code:357 [ 15.395910] rtc-rs5c372 0-0032: rs5c372a found, 24hr [ 15.407657] rtc rtc0: invalid alarm value: 2020-3-26 37:77:0 [ 15.413527] rtc-rs5c372 0-0032: rtc core: registered rtc-rs5c372 as rtc0 [ 15.421372] kmodloader: done loading kernel modules from /etc/modules-boot.d/* [ 15.430938] init: - preinit - strings: standard output: Broken pipe [ 16.079440] random: jshn: uninitialized urandom read (4 bytes read) [ 16.114061] random: jshn: uninitialized urandom read (4 bytes read) [ 16.143947] random: jshn: uninitialized urandom read (4 bytes read) [ 16.229506] mvneta d0074000.ethernet eth0: PHY [d0072004.mdio-mii:00] driver [Marvell 88E1510] [ 16.238622] mvneta d0074000.ethernet eth0: configuring for phy/rgmii-id link mode [ 16.246892] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready Press the [f] key and hit [enter] to enter failsafe mode Press the [1], [2], [3] or [4] key and hit [enter] to select the debug level [ 20.455610] UBIFS (ubi0:1): background thread "ubifs_bgt0_1" started, PID 778 [ 20.502637] UBIFS (ubi0:1): recovery needed [ 20.635936] UBIFS (ubi0:1): recovery completed [ 20.640543] UBIFS (ubi0:1): UBIFS: mounted UBI device 0, volume 1, name "rootfs_data" [ 20.648468] UBIFS (ubi0:1): LEB size: 126976 bytes (124 KiB), min./max. I/O unit sizes: 2048 bytes/2048 bytes [ 20.658466] UBIFS (ubi0:1): FS size: 472858624 bytes (450 MiB, 3724 LEBs), journal size 23617536 bytes (22 MiB, 186 LEBs) [ 20.669499] UBIFS (ubi0:1): reserved for root: 4952683 bytes (4836 KiB) [ 20.676174] UBIFS (ubi0:1): media format: w4/r0 (latest is w5/r0), UUID C52EE65E-C7E7-43C7-9CA8-2A7B30E8BABE, small LPT model [ 20.690936] mount_root: switching to ubifs overlay [ 20.709463] overlayfs: upper fs does not support xattr, falling back to index=off and metacopy=off. [ 20.742270] urandom-seed: Seeding with /etc/urandom.seed [ 20.862632] procd: - early - [ 20.866284] procd: - watchdog - [ 21.472104] procd: - watchdog - [ 21.475703] procd: - ubus - [ 21.494070] urandom_read: 3 callbacks suppressed [ 21.498807] random: ubusd: uninitialized urandom read (4 bytes read) [ 21.529966] random: ubusd: uninitialized urandom read (4 bytes read) [ 21.536873] random: ubusd: uninitialized urandom read (4 bytes read) [ 21.544649] procd: - init - Please press Enter to activate this console. [ 22.049440] kmodloader: loading kernel modules from /etc/modules.d/* [ 22.103640] urngd: v1.0.2 started. [ 22.109719] gpio-fan gpio_fan: GPIO fan initialized [ 22.167525] xt_time: kernel timezone is -0000 [ 22.199931] PPP generic driver version 2.4.2 [ 22.215536] NET: Registered protocol family 24 [ 22.241445] kmodloader: done loading kernel modules from /etc/modules.d/* [ 22.249241] random: crng init done [ 22.252675] random: 1 urandom warning(s) missed due to ratelimiting [ 27.222978] mvneta d0074000.ethernet eth0: PHY [d0072004.mdio-mii:00] driver [Marvell 88E1510] [ 27.254254] mvneta d0074000.ethernet eth0: configuring for phy/rgmii-id link mode [ 27.270080] br-lan: port 1(eth0) entered blocking state [ 27.275433] br-lan: port 1(eth0) entered disabled state [ 27.281006] device eth0 entered promiscuous mode [ 27.333526] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): br-lan: link is not ready [ 31.525529] mvneta d0074000.ethernet eth0: Link is Up - 1Gbps/Full - flow control rx/tx [ 31.533664] br-lan: port 1(eth0) entered blocking state [ 31.538985] br-lan: port 1(eth0) entered forwarding state [ 31.546246] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): br-lan: link becomes ready BusyBox v1.31.1 () built-in shell (ash) _______ ________ __ | |.-----.-----.-----.| | | |.----.| |_ | - || _ | -__| || | | || _|| _| |_______|| __|_____|__|__||________||__| |____| |__| W I R E L E S S F R E E D O M ----------------------------------------------------- OpenWrt SNAPSHOT, r12706-1fb3c003d6 ----------------------------------------------------- === WARNING! ===================================== There is no root password defined on this device! Use the "passwd" command to set up a new password in order to prevent unauthorized SSH logins. -------------------------------------------------- root@OpenWrt:/# cat /proc/cpuinfo processor : 0 model name : ARMv7 Processor rev 1 (v7l) BogoMIPS : 37.50 Features : half thumb fastmult vfp edsp vfpv3 vfpv3d16 tls idivt CPU implementer : 0x56 CPU architecture: 7 CPU variant : 0x1 CPU part : 0x581 CPU revision : 1 Hardware : Marvell Armada 370/XP (Device Tree) Revision : 0000 Serial : 0000000000000000 root@OpenWrt:/#
Misc
GPL source code available at: http://opensource.buffalo.jp/ls400-110.html
- Nas-central thread:
http://forum.buffalo.nas-central.org/viewtopic.php?f=68&t=30349 - Doozan thread: Debian Stretch on Armada-370 Buffalo Devices
- External wiki: Buffalo NAS Wiki
Unsupported features
- Coherency fabric: it is disabled intentionally in the kernel. This might cause a performance loss. An attempt to reenable the coherence fabric: write-allocate cache policy is required, we also need to disable smp checks for the related stuff.
--- a/arch/arm/mm/mmu.c +++ b/arch/arm/mm/mmu.c @@ -463,6 +463,12 @@ initial_pmd_value |= PMD_SECT_S; } } +#if defined(CONFIG_MACH_ARMADA_370) + else if (cachepolicy != CPOLICY_WRITEALLOC) { + pr_warn("Forcing write-allocate cache policy for Armada 370\n"); + cachepolicy = CPOLICY_WRITEALLOC; + } +#endif /* * Strip out features not present on earlier architectures. --- a/arch/arm/mach-mvebu/coherency.c +++ b/arch/arm/mach-mvebu/coherency.c @@ -226,8 +226,6 @@ * where we don't know yet on which SoC we are running. */ - if (!is_smp()) - return COHERENCY_FABRIC_TYPE_NONE; np = of_find_matching_node_and_match(NULL, of_coherency_table, &match); if (!np) --- a/arch/arm/mm/proc-v7-2level.S +++ b/arch/arm/mm/proc-v7-2level.S @@ -16,9 +16,9 @@ #define TTB_IRGN_WT ((1 << 0) | (0 << 6)) #define TTB_IRGN_WB ((1 << 0) | (1 << 6)) -/* PTWs cacheable, inner WB not shareable, outer WB not shareable */ -#define TTB_FLAGS_UP TTB_IRGN_WB|TTB_RGN_OC_WB -#define PMD_FLAGS_UP PMD_SECT_WB +/* PTWs cacheable, inner WBWA not shareable, outer WBWA not shareable */ +#define TTB_FLAGS_UP TTB_IRGN_WBWA|TTB_RGN_OC_WBWA +#define PMD_FLAGS_UP PMD_SECT_WBWA /* PTWs cacheable, inner WBWA shareable, outer WBWA not shareable */ #define TTB_FLAGS_SMP TTB_IRGN_WBWA|TTB_S|TTB_NOS|TTB_RGN_OC_WBWA --- a/arch/arm/mm/proc-v7.S +++ b/arch/arm/mm/proc-v7.S @@ -444,6 +444,7 @@ /* Auxiliary Debug Modes Control 1 Register */ mrc p15, 1, r0, c15, c1, 1 orr r0, r0, #PJ4B_CLEAN_LINE + orr r0, r0, #(1 << 7) @ v7 IO coherency support (Single core). Taken from vendor's GPL. orr r0, r0, #PJ4B_INTER_PARITY bic r0, r0, #PJ4B_STATIC_BP mcr p15, 1, r0, c15, c1, 1
After re-compiling the kernel without netfilter modules and testing, the network throughput is about 20% better.
- Suspend: CONFIG_SUSPEND isn't enabled by default in the OpenWrt kernel. After enabling it in a custom firmware, we can call the suspend command:
echo -n s2idle > /sys/power/mem_sleep echo -n mem > /sys/power/state
But the machine isn't able to remain suspended, it reboots after the suspend sequence.