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| ===== Особенности ===== | ===== Особенности ===== |
| ==== Загрузчик (bootloader) ==== | ==== Загрузчик (bootloader) ==== |
| * Загрузчик [[doc:techref:bootloader]] может быть не только под [[wp>Free_and_open-source_software|FOSS]] лицензией, предпочтительны также GPL, то есть те, загрузчики производители которых предоставляют исходные коды. | * Загрузчик [[docs:techref:bootloader]] может быть не только под [[wp>Free_and_open-source_software|FOSS]] лицензией, предпочтительны также GPL, то есть те, загрузчики производители которых предоставляют исходные коды. |
| * в некоторых загрузчиках возможность установки openwrt сильно затруднена или даже невозможна! | * в некоторых загрузчиках возможность установки openwrt сильно затруднена или даже невозможна! |
| * некоторые загрузчики позволяют вам //загружать систему с USB устройства// или //загружатся по Ethernet//, но у многих эта возможность отсутствует | * некоторые загрузчики позволяют вам //загружать систему с USB устройства// или //загружатся по Ethernet//, но у многих эта возможность отсутствует |
| |
| ==== LAN ==== | ==== LAN ==== |
| * **Сколько [[wp>Network interface controller|NICs]]** предоставляет [[wp>System on a chip]]? В большинстве случаев **один** или **два**, очень редко больше.\\ These are implemented as [[doc/hardware/SoC]]-integrated Ethernet-[[wp>Media access control|MAC]]-blocks, which are each connected over a [[wp>Media Independent Interface|xMII]] to a distinct [[wp>PHY (chip)]].\\ **''Обратите внимание:''** Не путайте количество портов и количество NICs. | * **Сколько [[wp>Network interface controller|NICs]]** предоставляет [[wp>System on a chip]]? В большинстве случаев **один** или **два**, очень редко больше.\\ These are implemented as [[docs:techref:hardware:soc]]-integrated Ethernet-[[wp>Media access control|MAC]]-blocks, which are each connected over a [[wp>Media Independent Interface|xMII]] to a distinct [[wp>PHY (chip)]].\\ **''Обратите внимание:''** Не путайте количество портов и количество NICs. |
| * Какие Ethernet-Layer-1 стандарты поддерживает NIC/NICs?\\ **BASE100-TX** (например 100MBit/s, [[wp>Fast Ethernet]]) или\\ **BASE1000-T** (к примеру, 1000MBit/s, [[wp>Gigabit Ethernet]])? | * Какие Ethernet-Layer-1 стандарты поддерживает NIC/NICs?\\ **BASE100-TX** (например 100MBit/s, [[wp>Fast Ethernet]]) или\\ **BASE1000-T** (к примеру, 1000MBit/s, [[wp>Gigabit Ethernet]])? |
| * Есть ли **встроенный Ethernet коммутатор**? | * Есть ли **встроенный Ethernet коммутатор**? |
| |
| ==== Беспроводная сеть ==== | ==== Беспроводная сеть ==== |
| (Больше информации в [[docs:user-guide:wifi:wireless.overview|Wireless Overview]]) | (Больше информации в [[docs:guide-user:network:wifi:wireless.overview|Wireless Overview]]) |
| * Сколько [[wp>Wireless network interface controller|WNICs]]? Обычно **один** или **два**. Они могут быть: | * Сколько [[wp>Wireless network interface controller|WNICs]]? Обычно **один** или **два**. Они могут быть: |
| * Интегрированы в SoC(систему на чипе): обычно их называют WiSoC | * Интегрированы в SoC(систему на чипе): обычно их называют WiSoC |
| * Is it relevant to you whether the WNICs are [[http://www.linuxwireless.org/en/developers/Documentation/Glossary?highlight=%28softmac%29#SoftMAC|SoftMAC]] or [[http://www.linuxwireless.org/en/developers/Documentation/Glossary?highlight=%28FullMAC%29#FullMAC|FullMAC]] devices? | * Is it relevant to you whether the WNICs are [[http://www.linuxwireless.org/en/developers/Documentation/Glossary?highlight=%28softmac%29#SoftMAC|SoftMAC]] or [[http://www.linuxwireless.org/en/developers/Documentation/Glossary?highlight=%28FullMAC%29#FullMAC|FullMAC]] devices? |
| * Do the current capabilities of the [[http://wireless.kernel.org/en/users/Drivers|Existing Linux Wireless drivers]] for your WNICs satisfy your requirements? | * Do the current capabilities of the [[http://wireless.kernel.org/en/users/Drivers|Existing Linux Wireless drivers]] for your WNICs satisfy your requirements? |
| * Are the [[doc:hardware:antennae]] detachable? If so, you could replace them with ones with a better gain, or with (home-made) directional antennae. | * Are the [[docs:techref:hardware:antennae]] detachable? If so, you could replace them with ones with a better gain, or with (home-made) directional antennae. |
| * [[wp>FLOSS]] drivers: this is very important for a correct wifi performance/behavior. For years Broadcom didn't supply enough quality FLOSS drivers (or hardware specifications) and it seems won't ever happen, propietary wl drivers often causes crashes or incorrect behaviors, then avoid Broadcom's wifis. As recommended by many people, **Atheros or Ralink** wifis are probably the best choice. | * [[wp>FLOSS]] drivers: this is very important for a correct wifi performance/behavior. For years Broadcom didn't supply enough quality FLOSS drivers (or hardware specifications) and it seems won't ever happen, propietary wl drivers often causes crashes or incorrect behaviors, then avoid Broadcom's wifis. As recommended by many people, **Atheros or Ralink** wifis are probably the best choice. |
| |
| ==== Модем ==== | ==== Модем ==== |
| (Пожалуйста прочтите [[doc:hardware:Internet.access.technologies|Internet access technologies]]) | (Пожалуйста прочтите [[docs:techref:hardware:internet.access.technologies|Internet access technologies]]) |
| * Common Layer 1 protocols that utilize a [[wp>Modem]] are: [[wp>Digital subscriber line|DSL]], [[wp>DOCSIS]] and [[wp>Mobile telephony]], e.g. [[wp>3GPP Long Term Evolution|LTE]]. {{tag>ADSL2+ VDSL2 DOCSIS Mobile_telephony}} | * Common Layer 1 protocols that utilize a [[wp>Modem]] are: [[wp>Digital subscriber line|DSL]], [[wp>DOCSIS]] and [[wp>Mobile telephony]], e.g. [[wp>3GPP Long Term Evolution|LTE]]. {{tag>ADSL2+ VDSL2 DOCSIS Mobile_telephony}} |
| * Если устройство имеет встроенный модем, полностью ли OpenWrt поддерживает его? | * Если устройство имеет встроенный модем, полностью ли OpenWrt поддерживает его? |
| * К примеру, не существует FOSS драйверов для модемов на базе Broadcom [[doc:hardware:soc:soc.broadcom.bcm63xx|BCM63xx SoCs]], но есть FOSS драйвера для Texas Instruments/Infineon/Lantiq Modems в этих SoCs: [[doc:hardware:soc:soc.lantiq]]! | * К примеру, не существует FOSS драйверов для модемов на базе Broadcom [[docs:techref:hardware:soc:soc.broadcom.bcm63xx|BCM63xx SoCs]], но есть FOSS драйвера для Texas Instruments/Infineon/Lantiq Modems в этих SoCs: [[docs:techref:hardware:soc:soc.lantiq]]! |
| |
| ==== Процессор и память ==== | ==== Процессор и память ==== |
| * The most crucial decision is your choice of RAM. If you are going to run ''[[docs:user-guide:services:voip.asterisk|asterisk]]'', ''[[docs:user-guide:services:umurmur|mumble]]'', ''[[docs:user-guide:services:direct.connect|Direct Connect]]'', ''[[docs:user-guide:services:bittorrent]]'', a [[docs:user-guide:services:http.overview|web server]] and other stuff, enough RAM will make them run smoothly. Some of them tolerate SWAP pretty good, others do not. FYI: If you are considering adding more RAM, keep in mind that there are no DDR1-Modules bigger then 64MB. Also, the SoC sometimes only support so much. For example, the Marvell Kirkwood, supports a maximum of 512MB. | * The most crucial decision is your choice of RAM. If you are going to run ''[[docs:guide-user:services:voip:asterisk|asterisk]]'', ''[[docs:guide-user:services:voip:umurmur|mumble]]'', ''[[docs:guide-user:services:dc:direct.connect|Direct Connect]]'', ''[[docs:guide-user:services:downloading_and_filesharing:bittorrent]]'', a [[docs:guide-user:services:webserver:start|web server]] and other stuff, enough RAM will make them run smoothly. Some of them tolerate SWAP pretty good, others do not. FYI: If you are considering adding more RAM, keep in mind that there are no DDR1-Modules bigger then 64MB. Also, the SoC sometimes only support so much. For example, the Marvell Kirkwood, supports a maximum of 512MB. |
| * Occasionally the computing power of the CPU proves to be a bottleneck. To compare you should have a look at the [[:doc:hardware:cpu|CPU]] included on with [[:doc:hardware:soc|SoC]]. Do not compare raw MHz, e.g. a MIPS 34KE@300MHz is in most scenarios faster then a MIPS 24K@400MHz. | * Occasionally the computing power of the CPU proves to be a bottleneck. To compare you should have a look at the [[docs:techref:hardware:cpu|CPU]] included on with [[docs:techref:hardware:soc|SoC]]. Do not compare raw MHz, e.g. a MIPS 34KE@300MHz is in most scenarios faster then a MIPS 24K@400MHz. |
| * as you can see by referring to the [[doc:techref:flash.layout|flash layout]] with a total of 8MiB flash memory, you can use about 5MiB for own packages. | * as you can see by referring to the [[docs:techref:flash.layout|flash layout]] with a total of 8MiB flash memory, you can use about 5MiB for own packages. |
| |
| ==== Шифрование ==== | ==== Шифрование ==== |
| * [[wp>Hardware_random_number_generator|TRNG]]: Most devices use a software random number generator. Only few are equiped with a true hardware random number generator, see {{tagpage>TRNG}} tag | * [[wp>Hardware_random_number_generator|TRNG]]: Most devices use a software random number generator. Only few are equiped with a true hardware random number generator, see {{tagpage>TRNG}} tag |
| * [[doc/hardware/cryptographic.hardware.accelerators|Cryptographic Hardware Accelerators]]: routers equiped with these accelerators may bring you better speed transfers when you plan to use encrypted connections such as OpenVPN. | * [[docs:techref:hardware:cryptographic.hardware.accelerators|Cryptographic Hardware Accelerators]]: routers equiped with these accelerators may bring you better speed transfers when you plan to use encrypted connections such as OpenVPN. |
| |
| ==== Порты ==== | ==== Порты ==== |
| * USB: подключить хаб, жесткие диски, SSD, usb-устройства, модемы, камеры, звуковые карты, и т.п. ->[[docs:user-guide:hardware:usb.overview]] | * USB: подключить хаб, жесткие диски, SSD, usb-устройства, модемы, камеры, звуковые карты, и т.п. ->[[docs:guide-user:hardware:usb.overview]] |
| * Serial: Очень полезен для разработчиков, ровно как и для конечных пользователей ->[[doc:hardware:port.serial]] | * Serial: Очень полезен для разработчиков, ровно как и для конечных пользователей ->[[docs:techref:hardware:port.serial]] |
| * JTAG: очень полезен для разработчиков и конечных пользователей ->[[doc:hardware:port.JTAG]] | * JTAG: очень полезен для разработчиков и конечных пользователей ->[[docs:techref:hardware:port.jtag]] |
| * [[wp>TAE connector|TAE sockets]]: Телефонный разъем, в основном используется в Германии | * [[wp>TAE connector|TAE sockets]]: Телефонный разъем, в основном используется в Германии |
| |
| ==== Кнопки ==== | ==== Кнопки ==== |
| * You can boot your device into //[[doc:howto:generic.failsafe|OpenWrt Failsafe]]// with a reset button, without one, this is only possible through connection over serial! Also, after boot up, you can [[docs:user-guide:hardware:hardware.button|attach functions]] to the buttons, like start/stop WLAN, reconnect DSL, start/stop a daemon, mount/unmount partitions, etc. | * You can boot your device into //[[docs:guide-user:troubleshooting:failsafe_and_factory_reset|OpenWrt Failsafe]]// with a reset button, without one, this is only possible through connection over serial! Also, after boot up, you can [[docs:guide-user:hardware:hardware.button|attach functions]] to the buttons, like start/stop WLAN, reconnect DSL, start/stop a daemon, mount/unmount partitions, etc. |
| |
| ==== Примеры ==== | ==== Примеры ==== |
| * particularly small devices are e.g. the [[toh/asus/wl-330n|ASUS WL-330N]], the [[toh/redwave/rw2458n|Redwave RW2458N]] (has a MiniPCIe slot), or the [[toh/alfa.network/hornet-ub|ALFA Network Hornet-UB]] (supports 12V Passive [[wp>Power over Ethernet|PoE (Power over Ethernet)]]), | * particularly small devices are e.g. the [[toh/asus/wl-330n|ASUS WL-330N]], the [[toh/redwave/rw2458n|Redwave RW2458N]] (has a MiniPCIe slot), or the [[toh:alfa_network:hornet-ub|ALFA Network Hornet-UB]] (supports 12V Passive [[wp>Power over Ethernet|PoE (Power over Ethernet)]]), |
| * devices with an integrated [[wp>Rechargeable battery]] are e.g. the [[toh/tp-link/tl-mr13u|TP-Link TL-MR13U]] | * devices with an integrated [[wp>Rechargeable battery]] are e.g. the [[toh/tp-link/tl-mr13u|TP-Link TL-MR13U]] |
| * devices with more then the usual five RJ-45 Ports are e.g. | * devices with more then the usual five RJ-45 Ports are e.g. |
| **''Примечание_1:''** Фильтр довольно не точен, пожалуйста, дважды проверьте прежде чем купить! \\ | **''Примечание_1:''** Фильтр довольно не точен, пожалуйста, дважды проверьте прежде чем купить! \\ |
| |
| | ===== Теги ===== |
| | Вы можете использовать [[meta:tags|теги]] чтобы быстро найти устройства с нужными Вам функциями. |
| | К сожалению :-( , не многие устройства имеют теги. |
| |
| | * {{tagpage>GigabitEthernet}} |
| | * {{tagpage>DetachableAntenna}} |
| | * {{tagpage>USB2.0}} / {{tagpage>USB}} / {{tagpage>2USB}} / {{tagpage>3USB}} / {{tagpage>4USB}} |
| | * {{tagpage>512RAM}} / {{tagpage>256RAM}} / {{tagpage>128RAM}} / {{tagpage>64RAM}} |
| | * {{tagpage>gt32Flash}} / {{tagpage>32Flash}} / {{tagpage>16Flash}} / {{tagpage>8Flash}} |
| | * {{tagpage>802.11abgn}} / {{tagpage>802.11abgn_simultan}} / {{tagpage>802.11ac}} |
| | * {{tagpage>rechargeable_battery}} |
| | * {{tagpage>portable_router}} |
| | * {{tagpage>ip_camera}} |
| | * {{tagpage>TRNG}} / {{tagpage>crypto}} |
| |
| |
| ===== Теги ===== | |
| Вы можете использовать [[meta:tags]] чтобы быстро найти устройства с нужными Вам функциями. К сожалению :-( , не многие устройства имеют теги. | |
| |
| * {{tag>GigabitEthernet}} | |
| * {{tag>DetachableAntenna}} | |
| * {{tag>USB2.0 USB 2USB 3USB 4USB}} | |
| * {{tag>512RAM 256RAM 128RAM 64RAM}} | |
| * {{tag>gt32Flash 32Flash 16Flash 8Flash}} | |
| * {{tag>802.11abgn 802.11abgn_simultan 802.11ac}} | |
| * {{tag>rechargeable_battery}} | |
| * {{tag>portable_router}} | |
| * {{tag>ip_camera}} | |
| * {{tag>TRNG crypto}} | |