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inbox:toh:xiaomi:ax3000t [2024/08/13 18:23] – added compatiblity of current snapshot andi-at-1inbox:toh:xiaomi:ax3000t [2024/10/05 17:49] – [Table] vladshulakov
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 **Warning!** Don't brick your router! **Warning!** Don't brick your router!
  
-Some AX3000T devices come with a new NAND flash chip''Winbond 25n01kvzeir''. This chip is incompatible with the official stable OpenWrt 23.05.image and uboot! **Don´t try to flash it without checking your chip!**+AX3000T routers come with either ''Winbond'' or ''ESMT'' NAND flash chip. Devices with the ''Winbond'' NAND chip are supported **only** by [[:releases:snapshot|Snapshot]] version, while the ''ESMT'' NAND chip is supported by both the official stable OpenWrt [[:releases:23.05:notes-23.05.5|23.05.5]] image and Snapshot. **Don´t try to flash router without checking your chip!**: [[https://forum.openwrt.org/t/openwrt-support-for-xiaomi-ax3000t/180490/1424?u=alexq|details]]. 
  
-However SNAPSHOT build is fully compatible and tested with both flash chips since Aug.13: [[https://github.com/openwrt/openwrt/commit/81481c805aa56f6452d7e7577d42eb6b89a6869d|Commit]] 
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
  
-<WRAP center round info 60%> +<WRAP center round important 60%> 
-Both the International (RD23and Chinese (RD03) versions of the router are supported, but OpenWrt installation is much simpler on the Chinese version.+New AX3000T devices with stock firmware version 1.0.84 or newer have received updated hardware ([[https://forum.openwrt.org/t/openwrt-support-for-xiaomi-ax3000t/180490/1176|AN8855 switch]]that is temporarily incompatible with the OpenWrt image until support is added. There is no possibility to install OpenWrt on RD03 for such devices, see [[https://forum.openwrt.org/t/openwrt-support-for-xiaomi-ax3000t/180490/1143?|link]]. 
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
  
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 **Support Forums** https://forum.openwrt.org/t/openwrt-support-for-xiaomi-ax3000t/180490 **Support Forums** https://forum.openwrt.org/t/openwrt-support-for-xiaomi-ax3000t/180490
  
-The initial installation of OpenWrt on the Xiaomi AX3000T **RD03** (Chinese version) requires installing a vulnerable version of the stock firmware, which allows to proceed with commands to enable SSH access, making the OpenWrt installation possible (refer to the [[:inbox:toh:xiaomi:ax3000t#Installation]] section below).+There are 2 known OpenWrt installation methods for the Xiaomi AX3000T
 +  * **API RCE method**: the method involves executing shell commands on the stock router firmware to enable SSH access by exploiting the API RCEeither in ''xqsystem/start_binding'' or ''misystem/arn_switch'', depending on the firmware version. This method is suitable for both **RD23** (International version) and **RD03** (Chinese version) of the Xiaomi AX3000T router. For details, please refer to the [[:inbox:toh:xiaomi:ax3000t#installation|Installation]] section below.  
 +  * **UART flash method**: the method which requires opening the device, connecting a UART cable, and following a specific set of steps. This process is recommended only for advanced users and may soft brick your device. The instructions for this process are available in this post: [[https://forum.openwrt.org/t/openwrt-support-for-xiaomi-ax3000t/180490/420?u=alexq|link to owrt forum]].
  
-For the Xiaomi AX3000T **RD23** (International version), there is no simple way to install OpenWrt. At the present moment (May 2024), the only way to install OpenWrt on the Xiaomi AX3000T (model RD23) is via UART (which requires opening the device, connecting a UART cable, and following a specific set of steps). This process is recommended only for advanced users and may soft brick your deviceThe instructions for this process are available in this post: [[https://forum.openwrt.org/t/openwrt-support-for-xiaomi-ax3000t/180490/420?u=alexq|Link to owrt forum]] +OpenWrt Support Status: 
-<WRAP BOX> +^ Stock Firmware ver            ^Model  ^ API to exploit     OpenWrt Supported     ^ Stock Firmware URL  ^ 
-Some additional notes/clarifications for OpenWrt installation on the RD23 model: +| 1.0.31 (INT        | RD23 | ''xqsystem/start_binding''              |   YES*             | -                                          | 
-  * [[https://forum.openwrt.org/t/openwrt-support-for-xiaomi-ax3000t/180490/420?u=alexq|Instructions]][[https://forum.openwrt.org/t/openwrt-support-for-xiaomi-ax3000t/180490/592|some notes/clarifications]] +| 1.0.49 (INT)         | RD23 | ''xqsystem/start_binding''              |   YES*             [[https://cdn.cnbj1.fds.api.mi-img.com/xiaoqiang/rom/rd23/miwifi_rd23_firmware_153e1_1.0.49_INT.bin|miwifi_rd23_firmware_153e1_1.0.49_INT.bin]] | 
-  It's possible to avoid opening the case, as the UART is accessible through holes in the router's case +| 1.0.47 (CN)          | RD03 | ''misystem/arn_switch''         YES             [[https://cdn.cnbj1.fds.api.mi-img.com/xiaoqiang/rom/rd03/miwifi_rd03_firmware_ef0ee_1.0.47.bin|miwifi_rd03_firmware_ef0ee_1.0.47.bin]] |  
-  * Make sure to add the following to /etc/rc.local, otherwise the configuration will be reset after 6 reboots: ''fw_setenv flag_try_sys1_failed 0'' +| 1.0.64 (CN)          | RD03 | ''xqsystem/start_binding''                      |   YES*             [[https://cdn.cnbj1.fds.api.mi-img.com/xiaoqiang/rom/rd03/miwifi_rd03_firmware_14680_1.0.64.bin|miwifi_rd03_firmware_14680_1.0.64.bin]]  |  
-  * OpenWrt U-Boot was also successfully installed on the international RD23 version following the instructions below.+| 1.0.84 (CN)          | RD03 | ''xqsystem/start_binding''              |   **Not yet** (''AN8855'' hardware) | [[https://cdn.cnbj1.fds.api.mi-img.com/xiaoqiang/rom/rd03/miwifi_rd03_firmware_f85f9_1.0.84.bin|miwifi_rd03_firmware_f85f9_1.0.84.bin]]|  
 + 
 +  * *note: devices with the ''Winbond'' NAND chip are supported by [[:releases:snapshot|Snapshot]] version only.
  
-</WRAP> 
  
 ===== Supported Versions ===== ===== Supported Versions =====
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-===== Installation (RD03 only)===== +===== Installation=====
- +
-==== Install Vulnerable Version ==== +
-First, you'll need to grab a vulnerable software version. The table below shows known vulnerable versions. It is recommended to install version 1.0.47. +
-^ Firmware Version      ^ Vulnerable?  ^ Download                                                                                       ^ +
-| 1.0.64                | NO          | https://cdn.cnbj1.fds.api.mi-img.com/xiaoqiang/rom/rd03/miwifi_rd03_firmware_14680_1.0.64.bin +
-| 1.0.47 (recommended)  | YES          | https://cdn.cnbj1.fds.api.mi-img.com/xiaoqiang/rom/rd03/miwifi_rd03_firmware_ef0ee_1.0.47.bin +
- +
-**To downgrade**: navigate to the upload firmware page and select the appropriate software version. It will complain about the downgrade. Edit the url and change the <html>0</html> at the end to a <html>1</html> and press enter. Or change to <html>2</html> if there is already <html>1</html> (seen on v1.0.64). The downgrade will proceed.+
  
 ==== Flash instructions ==== ==== Flash instructions ====
 +<WRAP center round info 60%>
 +Besides the manual steps outlined below, there is the [[https://github.com/openwrt-xiaomi/xmir-patcher|XMiR-Patcher]] tool that can automate the entire process, making the first-time router flashing much simpler with just a few clicks. As always, know what you're doing when executing scripts from the internet!
 +</WRAP>
  
-1. Get ssh access. Supported stock firmware **1.0.47** +1. Get ssh access.  
- +  #!/bin/sh
-  #!/bin/bash+
      
-  if [ "$1" = "" ]; then +  if [ $# -ne 2 ]; then 
-    echo "Usage: $0 [stok]" +  cat <<EOF 
-    echo "e.g. $0 e6ea114ba2cddb0c70fbbc417bb2706c" +  Usage: $0 [misystem | xqsystem] [stok] 
-    echo "Copy the stok-string from a browser's URL-line, while being logged in to the router" +  e.g. $0 misystem e6ea114ba2cddb0c70fbbc417bb2706c 
-    exit 1+  Copy the stok-string from a browser's URL-line, while logged to the router 
 +  EOF 
 +  exit 1
   fi   fi
      
-  curl -X POST "http://192.168.31.1/cgi-bin/luci/;stok=${1}/api/misystem/arn_switch" -d "open=1&model=1&level=%0Anvram%20set%20ssh_en%3D1%0A"+  -z "$2" ] && echo "error: bad stok" && exit 1 
 +   
 +  url="http://192.168.31.1/cgi-bin/luci/;stok=${2}/api
 +   
 +  case "$1" in 
 +      misystem) 
 +          url="$url/misystem/arn_switch" 
 +          pre="open=1&model=1&level=
 +          suf="" 
 +          ;; 
 +      xqsystem) 
 +          url="$url/xqsystem/start_binding" 
 +          pre="uid=1234&key=1234'" 
 +          suf="'" 
 +          ;; 
 +      *) 
 +          echo "error: unknown api" && exit 1 
 +          ;; 
 +  esac 
 +   
 +  curl -X POST "$url" -d "${pre}%0Anvram%20set%20ssh_en%3D1%0A${suf}"
   sleep 1   sleep 1
-  curl -X POST "http://192.168.31.1/cgi-bin/luci/;stok=${1}/api/misystem/arn_switch" -d "open=1&model=1&level=%0Anvram%20commit%0A"+  curl -X POST "$url" -d "${pre}%0Anvram%20commit%0A${suf}"
   sleep 1   sleep 1
-  curl -X POST "http://192.168.31.1/cgi-bin/luci/;stok=${1}/api/misystem/arn_switch" -d "open=1&model=1&level=%0Ased%20-i%20's%2Fchannel%3D.*%2Fchannel%3D%22debug%22%2Fg'%20%2Fetc%2Finit.d%2Fdropbear%0A"+  curl -X POST "$url" -d "${pre}%0Ased%20-i%20's%2Fchannel%3D.*%2Fchannel%3D%22debug%22%2Fg'%20%2Fetc%2Finit.d%2Fdropbear%0A${suf}"
   sleep 1   sleep 1
-  curl -X POST "http://192.168.31.1/cgi-bin/luci/;stok=${1}/api/misystem/arn_switch" -d "open=1&model=1&level=%0A%2Fetc%2Finit.d%2Fdropbear%20start%0A"+  curl -X POST "$url" -d "${pre}%0A%2Fetc%2Finit.d%2Fdropbear%20start%0A${suf}"
   sleep 1   sleep 1
-  curl -X POST "http://192.168.31.1/cgi-bin/luci/;stok=${1}/api/misystem/arn_switch" -d "open=1&model=1&level=%0Apasswd%20-d%20root%0A"+  curl -X POST "$url" -d "${pre}%0Apasswd%20-d%20root%0A${suf}"
  
 2. Backup stock partitions 2. Backup stock partitions
 +
 +  ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o HostKeyAlgorithms=+ssh-rsa -o PubkeyAcceptedAlgorithms=+ssh-rsa -v root@192.168.31.1
   nanddump -f /tmp/BL2.bin /dev/mtd1   nanddump -f /tmp/BL2.bin /dev/mtd1
   nanddump -f /tmp/Nvram.bin /dev/mtd2   nanddump -f /tmp/Nvram.bin /dev/mtd2
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 Then transfer them to your computer in a safe place. Then transfer them to your computer in a safe place.
  
-3. Get firmware information `cat /proc/cmdline`+To copy you can run netcat on your computer (in this case the computer's IP is 192.168.31.55): 
 + 
 +  $ netcat -l 1234 | tar xvf - 
 + 
 +And send the data from the router: 
 + 
 +  root@XiaoQiang:~# tar cf - /tmp/*.bin | nc 192.168.31.55 1234 
 + 
 + 
 +3. Get firmware information: ''cat /proc/cmdline''
  
 4. Copy openwrt-mediatek-filogic-xiaomi_mi-router-ax3000t-initramfs-factory.ubi to **/tmp** and flash 4. Copy openwrt-mediatek-filogic-xiaomi_mi-router-ax3000t-initramfs-factory.ubi to **/tmp** and flash
  
-If **firmware=0**+  * If **firmware=0** 
   ubiformat /dev/mtd9 -y -f /tmp/openwrt-mediatek-filogic-xiaomi_mi-router-ax3000t-initramfs-factory.ubi   ubiformat /dev/mtd9 -y -f /tmp/openwrt-mediatek-filogic-xiaomi_mi-router-ax3000t-initramfs-factory.ubi
   nvram set boot_wait=on   nvram set boot_wait=on
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   reboot   reboot
  
-If **firmware=1**+  * If **firmware=1** 
   ubiformat /dev/mtd8 -y -f /tmp/openwrt-mediatek-filogic-xiaomi_mi-router-ax3000t-initramfs-factory.ubi   ubiformat /dev/mtd8 -y -f /tmp/openwrt-mediatek-filogic-xiaomi_mi-router-ax3000t-initramfs-factory.ubi
   nvram set boot_wait=on   nvram set boot_wait=on
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   reboot   reboot
  
-Then reboot your router, it should boot to the OpenWrt initramfs system now. To be sure to use one of OpenWrt's LAN ports (not WAN port), plug the ethernet cable into one of the middle ports, if the cable is not already plugged there (original FW dynamically assigns LAN/WAN).+Once the router is rebooted, it should boot to the OpenWrt initramfs system now. To be sure to use one of OpenWrt's LAN ports (not WAN port), plug the ethernet cable into one of the middle ports, if the cable is not already plugged there (original FW dynamically assigns LAN/WAN).
  
-5. Flash openwrt-mediatek-filogic-xiaomi_mi-router-ax3000t-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin+Note that you should configure the computer's network to use DHCP. You can use wireshark if things don't work. 
 +This command will connect you to the OpenWrt system: 
 + 
 +  ssh root@192.168.1.1 
 + 
 + 
 +5. Copy openwrt-mediatek-filogic-xiaomi_mi-router-ax3000t-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin to **/tmp** and flash:
   sysupgrade -n /tmp/openwrt-mediatek-filogic-xiaomi_mi-router-ax3000t-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin   sysupgrade -n /tmp/openwrt-mediatek-filogic-xiaomi_mi-router-ax3000t-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin
  
-<WRAP info> Default available space is **60Mb**.  
-OpenWrt U-Boot provide faster boot loading and more space: **75Mb** (with recovery) or **85Mb** (without recovery). 
-</WRAP> 
  
 ==== Change to OpenWrt U-Boot ==== ==== Change to OpenWrt U-Boot ====
 +<WRAP info> Default available router space is **60Mb**. It's possible to increase this size by replacing stock bootloader with the OpenWrt U-Boot bootloader. Please [[https://forum.openwrt.org/t/openwrt-support-for-xiaomi-ax3000t/180490/721|understand]] the benefits and risks involved. 
 +OpenWrt U-Boot provides faster boot loading and more space: **75Mb** (with recovery) or **85Mb** (without recovery).
 +</WRAP>
  
 1. Flash openwrt-mediatek-filogic-xiaomi_mi-router-ax3000t-ubootmod-initramfs-factory.ubi 1. Flash openwrt-mediatek-filogic-xiaomi_mi-router-ax3000t-ubootmod-initramfs-factory.ubi
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   opkg update && opkg install kmod-mtd-rw   opkg update && opkg install kmod-mtd-rw
  
-  insmod /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/mtd-rw.ko i_want_a_brick=1+  insmod mtd-rw i_want_a_brick=1
  
 3. Format ubi and create new ubootenv volume 3. Format ubi and create new ubootenv volume
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   opkg update && opkg install kmod-mtd-rw   opkg update && opkg install kmod-mtd-rw
  
-  insmod /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/mtd-rw.ko i_want_a_brick=1+  insmod mtd-rw i_want_a_brick=1
  
 4. Flash stock images from backup 4. Flash stock images from backup
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 Then reboot your router, waiting it finished rollback in minutes. Then reboot your router, waiting it finished rollback in minutes.
  
-====  Go Back to stock from default layout Openwrt ==== +====  Go Back to stock firmware from stock bootloader ==== 
   ubiformat /dev/mtd8 -y -f /tmp/ubi.bin   ubiformat /dev/mtd8 -y -f /tmp/ubi.bin
  
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 ==== LuCI Web Upgrade Process ==== ==== LuCI Web Upgrade Process ====
  
-  * Browse to ''<nowiki>http://192.168.1.1/cgi-bin/luci/mini/system/upgrade/</nowiki>'' LuCI Upgrade URL+  * Browse to ''<nowiki>http://192.168.1.1/cgi-bin/luci/admin/system/flash</nowiki>'' LuCI Upgrade URL
   * Upload image file for sysupgrade to LuCI   * Upload image file for sysupgrade to LuCI
   * Wait for reboot   * Wait for reboot
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 mtd write /tmp/xxx.abc linux && reboot mtd write /tmp/xxx.abc linux && reboot
 </code> </code>
 +
 +===== Downgrading stock firmware =====
 +This section is kept only for historical reference, as it relates to the deprecated OpenWrt installation method that was applicable only to the RD03 (Chinese version) with stock firmware version 1.0.47. Please note that none of the current installation methods require a firmware downgrade to flash OpenWrt.
 +
 +**To downgrade** a firmware version on your router, navigate to the upload firmware page and select the appropriate software version. It will complain about the downgrade. Edit the url and change the <html>0</html> at the end to a <html>1</html> and press enter. Or change to <html>2</html> if there is already <html>1</html> (seen on v1.0.64). The downgrade will proceed.
 +
 ===== Debricking ===== ===== Debricking =====
 -> [[docs:guide-user:troubleshooting:generic.debrick]] -> [[docs:guide-user:troubleshooting:generic.debrick]]
  
-Assume that you have installed OpenWrt with stock layout, with original u-boot:+Assume that you have installed OpenWrt with stock bootloader, with original u-boot:
  
   * Connect to router via UART   * Connect to router via UART
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-==== TFTP instructions for the stock layout ====+ 
 +==== Recover bricked bootloader ==== 
 + 
 +If your bootloader is bricked you can use the Mediateks ability to load a bootloader directly over UART with a tool called mtk_uartboot. 
 + 
 +Details explained in [[https://forum.openwrt.org/t/openwrt-support-for-xiaomi-ax3000t/180490/860|this forum post]] 
 + 
 +==== TFTP instructions for the stock bootloader ====
 AX3000T can be recovered from a soft-brick with TFTP. The flow is: AX3000T can be recovered from a soft-brick with TFTP. The flow is:
   * The router boots and asks for an IP address on the LAN ports via DHCP   * The router boots and asks for an IP address on the LAN ports via DHCP
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 -> [[docs:guide-user:base-system:start|Basic configuration]] After flashing, proceed with this.\\ -> [[docs:guide-user:base-system:start|Basic configuration]] After flashing, proceed with this.\\
 Set up your Internet connection, configure wireless, configure USB port, etc. Set up your Internet connection, configure wireless, configure USB port, etc.
 +
 +  * note: configuration reset issue after 6 reboots sometimes occurs on the AX3000T and is [[https://forum.openwrt.org/t/openwrt-support-for-xiaomi-ax3000t/180490/452?u=alexq|caused]] by the stock Xiaomi bootloader logic. To address this, run the command to modify the /etc/rc.local file with nvram settings:
 +
 +  sed -i '/exit 0/i sleep 5\nfw_setenv flag_try_sys1_failed 0' /etc/rc.local
 +
 +**Don't run** this command if the issue doesn't affect you, and your router keeps its settings after 6 reboots! 
  
 ===== Specific Configuration ===== ===== Specific Configuration =====
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 How to connect to the Serial Port of this specific device:\\ How to connect to the Serial Port of this specific device:\\
 {{:media:xiaomi:xiaomi_ax3000t_uart.jpg?direct&600|}} {{:media:xiaomi:xiaomi_ax3000t_uart.jpg?direct&600|}}
-^ Serial connection parameters\\ for Xiaomi AX3000T | 115200, 8N1, 3.3V |+^ Serial connectionparameters\\ for Xiaomi AX3000T  | 115200, 8N1, 3.3V  |
  
 ==== JTAG ==== ==== JTAG ====
  • Last modified: 2024/12/19 08:57
  • by lessload