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| docs:techref:mtd [2018/02/20 18:52] – ↷ Links adapted because of a move operation bobafetthotmail | docs:techref:mtd [2023/03/04 18:00] (current) – typo openwart |
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| | FIXME This page is a Work In Progress. The goal is to make it similar to [[docs:user-guide:additional-software:opkg]] and then link to it as often as possible | | | FIXME This page is a Work In Progress. The goal is to make it similar to [[docs:guide-user:additional-software:opkg]] and then link to it as often as possible | |
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| ====== MTD ====== | ====== MTD ====== |
| ''mtd'' is a utility we use to write to an MTD (Memory Technology Device). Please read the [[#Notes]] to learn more. | ''mtd'' is a utility we use to write to an MTD (Memory Technology Device). Please read the [[#Notes]] to learn more. |
| cd /tmp | |
| wget http://www.example.org/original_firmware.bin | |
| mtd -r write /tmp/original_firmware.bin firmware | |
| |
| |
| ===== Invocation ===== | ===== Invocation ===== |
| <code> | <code> |
| |
| ===== Examples ===== | ===== Examples ===== |
| To write ''linux.trx'' to ''mtd4'' labeled as ''linux'' and reboot afterwards: | Download ''linux.bin'' from Internet (it's not safe to do so, here is for demonstration purpose only), then write ''linux.bin'' to a MTD partition labeled as ''linux'' (could be ''mtd4'') and reboot afterwards: |
| <code> | <code> |
| mtd -r write linux.trx linux | cd /tmp |
| | wget http://www.example.org/linux.bin |
| | mtd -r write /tmp/linux.bin linux |
| </code> | </code> |
| |
| | ===== Example (flash u-boot from OpenWrt) ===== |
| | |
| | Tested on Marvell EspressoBinBoard based on MVEBU, (see [[https://forum.openwrt.org/t/is-it-possible-to-flash-u-boot-from-openwrt/90284|forum topic]]) |
| | Download ''flash-image.bin'' for your specific hardware from [[https://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/targets/mvebu/cortexa53/|SnapShots]] |
| | |
| | You can checks your mtd partitions from proc : |
| | <code> |
| | root@EBIN:~# cat /proc/mtd |
| | dev: size erasesize name |
| | mtd0: 003f0000 00010000 "firmware" |
| | mtd1: 00010000 00010000 "u-boot-env" |
| | |
| | </code> |
| | |
| | (it's not safe to do so, here is for demonstration purpose only), |
| | |
| | then write ''flash-image.bin'' to a MTD partition labeled as ''spi0.0'' (could be ''mtd0'' or ''firmware'') and reboot afterwards : |
| | <code> |
| | cd /tmp |
| | wget https://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/targets/mvebu/cortexa53/trusted-firmware-a-espressobin-v7-1gb/flash-image.bin |
| | mtd -r write /tmp/flash-image.bin /dev/mtd0 |
| | </code> |
| |
| ===== mtd vs dd ===== | ===== mtd vs dd ===== |
| The differences between ''[[http://linux.die.net/man/1/dd|dd]]'' (disc dump) and ''mtd'' are ... | The differences between ''[[http://linux.die.net/man/1/dd|dd]]'' (disc dump) and ''mtd'' are ... |
| TODO | TODO |
| | |
| | ===== mtd on vendor-firmware ===== |
| | ''mtd'' can even be used with vendor-firmware, as long as the kernel had mtd-support and not using something "home-brewed". When the vendor is not shipping the binary it can probably transferred via ''scp'', ''netcat'', ''tftp'', ''ftp'', ''http''onto the board. The original binary from the OpenWrt-package might not run on the vendor-os, but linking it static should do the trick. |
| | With OpenWrt-21.02 I was using a small hack to to let the buildroot create a static binary: |
| | |
| | <code> |
| | sed -i -e "s/^LDFLAGS += /LDFLAGS += -static /" package/system/mtd/src/Makefile |
| | make package/mtd/compile |
| | </code> |
| | |
| | This patches the mtd source to include the "-static" option when building the binary. This way the binary gets all dependent library-code embedded to make it run itself, as long as the correct CPU-target is used. The new binary can be extracted from the resulting package or just copied from ''build_dir/target-<ARCH>/linux-<TARGET>-<SUBTARGET>/mtd''. |
| |
| ===== Notes ===== | ===== Notes ===== |