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docs:guide-user:virtualization:virtualbox-vm [2020/04/27 16:23] – Update latest version image pablogdocs:guide-user:virtualization:virtualbox-vm [2023/10/20 01:46] (current) – [VM setup] atownlede
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 ===== Prerequisites ===== ===== Prerequisites =====
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   * Download and install [[https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads|VirtualBox]]   * Download and install [[https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads|VirtualBox]]
   * Download and install the VirtualBox Guest Additions (needed for USB connectivity among others)   * Download and install the VirtualBox Guest Additions (needed for USB connectivity among others)
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   * ''combined-ext4.img.gz'' This disk image uses a single read-write ext4 partition with no read-only squashfs root filesystem, which allows to enlarge the partition. Features like Failsafe Mode or Factory Reset won't be available as they need a read-only squashfs partition to function.   * ''combined-ext4.img.gz'' This disk image uses a single read-write ext4 partition with no read-only squashfs root filesystem, which allows to enlarge the partition. Features like Failsafe Mode or Factory Reset won't be available as they need a read-only squashfs partition to function.
  
-In the guide we'll use //openwrt-x86-64-combined-ext4.img.gz// because it has less limits. +In the guide we'll use //openwrt-x86-64-combined-ext4.img.gz// because it has fewer limitations.
- +
- +
-  * Download a stable release of the //openwrt-x86-64-combined-ext4.img.gz// image from [[https://downloads.openwrt.org/|targets/x86/64/ folder]] e.g. [[https://downloads.openwrt.org/releases/19.07.2/targets/x86/64/openwrt-19.07.2-x86-64-combined-ext4.img.gz|19.07.2]]. Or you can try the fresher but unstable [[https://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/targets/x86/64/openwrt-x86-64-combined-ext4.img.gz| snapshot]] image +
-  * Uncompress the gziped img file. On Linux use the command ''gzip -d openwrt-*x86-64-combined*.img.gz''. As a result you should get the raw ''openwrt-x86-64-combined-ext4.img'' image  file.+
  
 +  * Download a stable release of the //openwrt-x86-64-combined-ext4.img.gz// image from [[https://archive.openwrt.org/releases/|targets/x86/64/ folder]] e.g. [[https://archive.openwrt.org/releases/22.03.5/targets/x86/64/openwrt-22.03.5-x86-64-generic-ext4-combined.img.gz|22.03.5]]. Or you can try the fresher but unstable [[https://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/targets/x86/64/openwrt-x86-64-generic-ext4-combined.img.gz|snapshot]] image
 +  * Uncompress the gziped img file. On Linux use the command ''gzip -d openwrt-*.img.gz''. As a result you should get the raw ''openwrt-x86-64-combined-ext4.img'' image  file.
  
 === Custom Images === === Custom Images ===
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 You can compile your own image (//Target System -> x86-64// and //Target Images -> Build VirtualBox image files//). ''ext4'' needs to be enabled first. You can compile your own image (//Target System -> x86-64// and //Target Images -> Build VirtualBox image files//). ''ext4'' needs to be enabled first.
  
 ==== Convert openwrt.img to VBox drive ==== ==== Convert openwrt.img to VBox drive ====
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   * Open a terminal and go in the folder where you have downloaded the file (sorry, the tool has only a command line interface)   * Open a terminal and go in the folder where you have downloaded the file (sorry, the tool has only a command line interface)
-  * Convert it to native VBox format by writing this in command line (the same for Windows, Mac and Linux. Sadly this tool does not have graphical user interface): ''VBoxManage convertfromraw %%--%%format VDI openwrt-*x86-64-combined*.img openwrt.vdi''. This will create the ''openwrt.vdi'' file which a virtual drive for VBox virtual machine. +  * Convert it to native VBox format by writing this in command line (the same for Windows, macOS and Linux. Sadly this tool does not have graphical user interface): ''VBoxManage convertfromraw %%--%%format VDI openwrt-*.img openwrt.vdi''. This will create the ''openwrt.vdi'' file which a virtual drive for VBox virtual machine.
  
 === Error === === Error ===
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 VBoxManage: error: Cannot create the disk image "openwrt.vdi": VERR_VD_INVALID_SIZE</code>\\ VBoxManage: error: Cannot create the disk image "openwrt.vdi": VERR_VD_INVALID_SIZE</code>\\
 you may need to pad the image with ''dd if=openwrt-x86-64-combined-ext4.img of=openwrt.img bs=128000 conv=sync'' and use the padded image as input to VBoxManage convertfromraw. you may need to pad the image with ''dd if=openwrt-x86-64-combined-ext4.img of=openwrt.img bs=128000 conv=sync'' and use the padded image as input to VBoxManage convertfromraw.
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   * Enlarge the image to a useful size (size is in MB)   * Enlarge the image to a useful size (size is in MB)
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   $ VBoxManage modifymedium openwrt.vdi --resize 128   $ VBoxManage modifymedium openwrt.vdi --resize 128
   0%...10%...20%...30%...40%...50%...60%...70%...80%...90%...100%   0%...10%...20%...30%...40%...50%...60%...70%...80%...90%...100%
- 
- 
  
 ===== VM Setup in VirtualBox ===== ===== VM Setup in VirtualBox =====
- 
 ==== VM creation ==== ==== VM creation ====
 :!: Tutorial and screenshots from VirtualBox 5.1.8 on Linux host, on Windows or macOS hosts there will be some cosmetic differences (a different top bar) but the VirtualBox panels and buttons will be exactly the same :!: Tutorial and screenshots from VirtualBox 5.1.8 on Linux host, on Windows or macOS hosts there will be some cosmetic differences (a different top bar) but the VirtualBox panels and buttons will be exactly the same
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 ---- ----
 :!: It's recommended to place the disk image in a permanent place //before// linking it with VBox. If you move it //afterwards//, VBox will not find it anymore and will complain about this issue on next start (or when you try to start the VM). It will offer a guided procedure to link the disk image again, so don't worry. :!: It's recommended to place the disk image in a permanent place //before// linking it with VBox. If you move it //afterwards//, VBox will not find it anymore and will complain about this issue on next start (or when you try to start the VM). It will offer a guided procedure to link the disk image again, so don't worry.
- 
  
 ==== VM setup ==== ==== VM setup ====
 +
 +{{section>meta:infobox:howto_links#config-network-device&noheader&nofooter&noeditbutton}}
 +
 This part of the configuration will deal with setting up networking manually.\\ This part of the configuration will deal with setting up networking manually.\\
 The configuration you will set up by following this tutorial is: The configuration you will set up by following this tutorial is:
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     - **reboot**     - **reboot**
   - Now your VM should be accessible from SSH, user **root** (no password) address **192.168.56.2**   - Now your VM should be accessible from SSH, user **root** (no password) address **192.168.56.2**
-  - After you have logged in successfully, we can actually do the true configuration, please copy-paste the following block of code and press enter:\\ <code>uci batch <<EOF +  - After you have logged in successfully, we can actually do the true configuration. For 22.03 and earlier, copy-paste the following block of code and press enter:\\ <code>uci batch <<EOF 
 set network.mng=interface  set network.mng=interface 
 set network.mng.type='bridge'  set network.mng.type='bridge' 
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 set network.wan=interface set network.wan=interface
 set network.wan.ifname='eth1' set network.wan.ifname='eth1'
 +set network.wan.proto='dhcp'
 +EOF</code>  For 23.05 and later, copy-paste the following:\\ <code>uci batch <<EOF 
 +set network.mng=interface 
 +set network.mng.device='br-lan'  
 +set network.mng.proto='static'
 +set network.mng.ipaddr='192.168.56.2'  
 +set network.mng.netmask='255.255.255.0'
 +set firewall.@zone[0].network='mng'
 +set firewall.@zone[0].name='mng'
 +delete network.lan
 +delete network.wan6
 +set network.wan=interface
 +set network.wan.device='eth1'
 set network.wan.proto='dhcp' set network.wan.proto='dhcp'
 EOF</code> EOF</code>
-  - now write **uci changes** to check if the setting configuration was loaded correctly. If you see the following (the **network.mng** entries MUST be the same as the ones shown here, the **network.wan** might be slightly different), everything went well\\ <code>root@openwrt:~# uci changes+  - now write **uci changes** to check if the setting configuration was loaded correctly. If you see the following on 22.03 and earlier (the **network.mng** entries MUST be the same as the ones shown here, the **network.wan** might be slightly different), everything went well\\ <code>root@openwrt:~# uci changes
 network.mng='interface' network.mng='interface'
 network.mng.type='bridge' network.mng.type='bridge'
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 -network.lan -network.lan
 -network.wan6 -network.wan6
-network.wan='interface'</code>+network.wan='interface'</code> For 23.03 and later, you should see\\ <code>root@OpenWrt:~# uci changes 
 +firewall.cfg02dc81.network='mng' 
 +firewall.cfg02dc81.name='mng' 
 +network.mng='interface' 
 +network.mng.device='br-lan' 
 +network.mng.proto='static' 
 +network.mng.ipaddr='192.168.56.2' 
 +network.mng.netmask='255.255.255.0' 
 +-network.lan 
 +-network.wan6 
 +</code>
   - if all is well, save config with **uci commit && reboot**, if all is NOT well, write **reboot** to erase the temporary changes and find a way to set the above configuration manually.   - if all is well, save config with **uci commit && reboot**, if all is NOT well, write **reboot** to erase the temporary changes and find a way to set the above configuration manually.
   - close and open again the SSH terminal when the VM has restarted, with same connection parameters (user **root** and **192.168.56.2**)   - close and open again the SSH terminal when the VM has restarted, with same connection parameters (user **root** and **192.168.56.2**)
   - now you should have both internet access (try a **opkg update**) AND a management interface with a static address you can connect your SSH client program to even if your PC is disconnected from a local network.   - now you should have both internet access (try a **opkg update**) AND a management interface with a static address you can connect your SSH client program to even if your PC is disconnected from a local network.
-  - the optional **Bridged Adapter** on **Adapter 3** isn't crucial for basic functionality and is also specific for your own local network parameters. In my own network (and in most home networks) it will work fine if you write <code>uci batch <<EOF +  - the optional **Bridged Adapter** on **Adapter 3** isn't crucial for basic functionality and is also specific for your own local network parameters. In my own network (and in most home networks) it will work fine for 22.03 and earlier if you write <code>uci batch <<EOF 
 set network.lan=interface set network.lan=interface
 set network.lan.ifname='eth2' set network.lan.ifname='eth2'
 set network.lan.proto='dhcp' set network.lan.proto='dhcp'
 EOF EOF
-uci commit</code>\\ If you have more complex requirements you will have to set that up on your own by reading the documentation, or through luci.+uci commit</code>and for 23.05 and later <code>uci batch <<EOF  
 +set network.lan=interface 
 +set network.lan.device='eth2' 
 +set network.lan.proto='dhcp' 
 +EOF 
 +uci commit 
 +service network restart 
 +</code>\\ If you have more complex requirements you will have to set that up on your own by reading the documentation, or through luci.
   - you can now install packages to this images as normal, you will probably want to install luci, write **opkg update && opkg install luci**, then you can connect to the VM's luci by typing 192.168.56.2 in your browser address bar or [[http://192.168.56.2|click on this link]] to get there.   - you can now install packages to this images as normal, you will probably want to install luci, write **opkg update && opkg install luci**, then you can connect to the VM's luci by typing 192.168.56.2 in your browser address bar or [[http://192.168.56.2|click on this link]] to get there.
  
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 ===== Run with VirtualBox automatically on Start of Windows OS ===== ===== Run with VirtualBox automatically on Start of Windows OS =====
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   * Ordered List ItemImport the following entry to your registry or add it manually:   * Ordered List ItemImport the following entry to your registry or add it manually:
     - [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run]     - [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run]
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 ===== See also ===== ===== See also =====
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   * [[docs:guide-user:virtualization:virtualbox-advanced|VirtualBox Advanced]]   * [[docs:guide-user:virtualization:virtualbox-advanced|VirtualBox Advanced]]
   * [[docs:guide-user:virtualization:start|Other virtualization options]]: Docker, VMware etc.   * [[docs:guide-user:virtualization:start|Other virtualization options]]: Docker, VMware etc.
  
  • Last modified: 2020/04/27 16:23
  • by pablog