USB Benchmarks

These benchmarks provide a rough estimate of how USB devices perform on various hardware and software configurations.

I see two possible bottlenecks when bechmarking read/write operations on a storage device: the CPU and the device itself.
* If you expected notable differences between the cpus, you would conduct a series of benchmark with the same storage device but different CPUs. You would also make sure that the storage device used in this benchmark is NOT a bottle neck.
* If you expected notable differences between the storage devices, you would conduct a series of benchmarks with the same CPU, but different storage devices. Again, you would make sure, that the CPU is not the bottle neck!
* there is of course a third possible bottle neck: the USB controller (MAC+PHY) on the SoC and/or possibly the USB-to-SATA converter, in case you use a SATA hard disk. ;-)

I do not know, about notable differences in CPU, but there definitely are very slow flash storage devices purchasable out there with maximum read/write “speeds” of < 2MB/s and less!!!
  • Install benchmark utilities 'hdparm' and 'bonnie++'
    opkg update
    opkg install hdparm bonniexx
  • Install USB drivers
     opkg install kmod-usb2 kmod-usb-storage   kmod-fs-ext4  block-mount
  • Run the followings commands:
    hdparm -Tt /dev/sda#
    mkdir -p /mnt/benchmark
    mount -O rw,noatime -t ext4 /dev/sda# /mnt/benchmark
    bonnie++ -n 0 -u 0 -s 64 -f -b -d /mnt/benchmark
  • hdparm and bonnie++ are non-destructive benchmarks
  • bonnie should auto-detect RAM size but you may need to use '-r' parameter to override. Also you may adjust '-s' to be double of '-r'.
Router Flash Drive hdparm bonnie++
Timing (MB/s) Sequential Output (KB/s) Sequential Input (KB/s) Random
Device USB Software Version Drive USB Filesystem Cached Reads Buffered Disk Reads Block Rewrite Block Seeks/s
D-Link DIR-835 rev. A1 A1 Attitude Adjustment, r39789 UDisk, 64GiB (59.9GB) 2.0 ext4 88.51 13.63 4721 4216 128686 12.5 (not a typo)
TP-Link Archer C6U v1 2.0 21.02.3 r16554 Kingston DT 100G3 64G 3.2 ext4 128.70 22.06 2866 1533 20200 179.5
D-Link DIR-835 rev. A1 A1 Attitude Adjustment, r39789 UDisk, 64GiB (59.9GB) 2.0 vfat 87.48 13.35 ? ? ? ?
TP-Link TL-WR1043ND v1.8 2.0 Attitude Adjustment, r33883 SanDisk Cruzer Extreme, 32GB (PID: SDCZ80-032G-X46) 3.0 ext4 106.40 24.21 22,124 12,774 29,664 718.6
TP-Link TL-WR1043ND v1.8 2.0 Attitude Adjustment, r33883 Unknown Manufacturer, 2GB 2.0 ext4 89.17 13.41 1,623 1,485 14,661 73.6
TP-Link TL-MR3020 v1.6 2.0 Attitude Adjustment, r33883 SanDisk Cruzer Fit, 16GB (PID: SDCZ33-016G-B35) 2.0 ext4 70.27 18.65 5,091 3,254 19,499 33.7
TP-Link TL-MR3020 v1.6 2.0 Attitude Adjustment, r33883 Kingston DTSE9H, 16GB 2.0 ext4 72.93 17.19 11,519 6,998 17,661 339.6
TP-Link TL-MR3220 v1.0 2.0 Attitude Adjustment, r36088 Lexar Jumpdrive S73, 32GB 3.0 ext4 without journal 75.07 26.07 24,395 12,403 30,900 200.2
TP-Link TL-WR842ND v1.0 2.0 Attitude Adjustment, r33312 SanDisk Cruzer Fit, 16GB (PID: SDCZ33-016G-B35) 2.0 ext4 73.40 18.88 5,053 3,227 20,335 34.2
TP-Link TL-WR842ND v1.0 2.0 Attitude Adjustment, r33312 Kingston DTSE9H, 16GB 2.0 ext4 71.51 16.44 12,548 6,758 17,849 330.9
TP-Link TL-WR842ND v1.0 2.0 Attitude Adjustment, r34185 (12.09-rc1) Seagate Free Agent Desktop, 250GB 2.0 ext4 data=ordered barrier=1 72.15 23.12 15,895 or 31,864 9,900 or 12,645 26,373 or 33,142 94.0 or 117.7
Linksys WRT160NL-DE v1.0 2.0 Attitude Adjustment, r33312 SanDisk Cruzer Fit, 16GB (PID: SDCZ33-016G-B35) 2.0 ext4 106.4 17.8 5,019 3,286 19,500 37.4
Linksys WRT160NL-DE v1.0 2.0 Attitude Adjustment, r33883 Kingston DTSE9H, 16GB 2.0 ext4 99.75 15.64 12,405 6,727 21,925 324.6
Buffalo WZR-HP-G300H-EU v1.0 2.0 Attitude Adjustment, r33312 SanDisk Cruzer Fit, 16GB (PID: SDCZ33-016G-B35) 2.0 ext4 158.53 19.92 5,240 3,866 +++++ 36.1
Buffalo WZR-HP-G300H-EU v1.0 2.0 Attitude Adjustment, r33312 Kingston DTSE9H, 16GB 2.0 ext4 133.21 16.61 16,485 17,118 65,676 969.1
Buffalo WZR-600DHP 2.0 Barrier Breaker, r42625 Kinsgtom Elite Pro 133x 8GB Compact Flash Card 2.0 ext4 153.55 15.41 12177 11935 +++++ 86.8
ARV4518PW 2.0 Barrier Breaker, r35905 Maxell, 4GB 2.0 ext4 57.97 12.86 3,776 2,918 16,518 17.1
VR-3025un 2.0 Barrier Breaker, r37514 Maxell, 4GB 2.0 ext4 87.66 12.82 2,743 2,654 19,213 16.9
VR-3025un SMP 2.0 Barrier Breaker, r37842 Maxell, 4GB 2.0 ext4 116.20 13.24 3,815 2,939 18,480 18.4
Wyse Winterm S10 2.0 Attitude Adjustment, r34668 Maxell, 4GB 2.0 ext4 134.98 13.72 3,861 3,167 18,472 17.6
TP-Link TL-WDR4300 v.1.1 2.0 Attitude Adjustment, r34185 (12.09-rc1) Unknown Manufacturer,1) 2GB 2.0 ext4 82.57 9.85 272 599 +++++ 36.2
TP-Link TL-WDR4300 v.1.1 2.0 Attitude Adjustment, r34185 (12.09-rc1) SanDisk Corp. Cruzer Glide, 8GB (PID: SDCZ60-008G) 2.0 ext4 89.17 20.43 10,901 11,741 +++++ 1,458
TP-Link VR200v 2.0 21.02.1 r16325 SanDisk 4GB 2.0 vfat 99.13 23.45 5,065 4,088 22,600 467.5

Sequential Output = Write performance
Sequential Input = Read performance
Random Seeks = IOPS

  • Run the followings commands:
    hdparm -Tt /dev/sda#
    mkdir -p /mnt/benchmark
    mount -O rw,noatime -t ext4 /dev/sda# /mnt/benchmark
    bonnie++ -n 0 -u 0 -s 64 -f -b -d /mnt/benchmark
  • hdparm and bonnie++ are non-destructive benchmarks
  • bonnie should auto-detect RAM size but you may need to use -r parameter to override. Also you may adjust -s to be double of -r.
Router Hard Drive hdparm bonnie++
Timing (MB/s) Sequential Output (KB/s) Sequential Input (KB/s) Random
Device USB Software Version Drive USB Filesystem Cached Reads Buffered Disk Reads Block Rewrite Block Seeks/s
Buffalo WZR-HP-AG300H 2.0 Attitude Adjustment, r31761 Seagate 2TB 2.0 ext4 134.75 27.87 30,757 31.057 +++++ 186.0
TL-WR842ND 2.0 Attitude Adjustment, r36088 WD 750MB 3.0 xfs 69.51 17.98 4,100 3,911 24,651 103.8
TP-Link VR200v 2.0 21.02.1 r16325 Seagate 1TB 3.0 ext4 116.96 24.26 19,300 11,300 21,700 88.2


1)
Presents as “Kingston Technology Company Inc. DataTraveler 2.0 1GB/4GB Flash Drive / Patriot Xporter 4GB Flash Drive” in lsusb

Sequential Output = Write performance
Sequential Input = Read performance
Random Seeks = IOPS


1)
Presents as “Kingston Technology Company Inc. DataTraveler 2.0 1GB/4GB Flash Drive / Patriot Xporter 4GB Flash Drive” in lsusb
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  • Last modified: 2022/06/03 12:49
  • by parovoz