| Both sides previous revision Previous revision Next revision | Previous revision |
| docs:guide-developer:toolchain:buildroot.exigence.macosx [2022/04/02 06:38] – changed few formatting, Added info on "GPT fdisk", "Paragon Hard Disk Manager", "Clonezilla", "True Image", "Paragon Parition Manager", "UNetbootin" etc tools, etc. aterik | docs:guide-developer:toolchain:buildroot.exigence.macosx [2022/04/04 11:52] (current) – adding info on "PumpKIN" tool (opensource, free, GUI based TFTP server & client for macOS), etc aterik |
|---|
| |
| (1) Homebrew, or (2) MacPorts, or (3) pkgsrc. | (1) Homebrew, or (2) MacPorts, or (3) pkgsrc. |
| | |
| | * Notice/CAUTION **:** Usually most of the time, using source //(or binary)// packages distributed from primary/original author/developer is much much better than next-level (aka: downstream) package distributors: like, OS/distro developer //(dev)//, computer MFR //(manufacturer)//, etc distributed packages, And usually most of the time OS/distro dev's or computer MFR's distributed package is better than 3rd-party Package-Manager //(pkg-mngr)// maintainer distributed package. But often OS/distro dev or computer MFR does not update their pre-included packages, or uses older version, or does not include option for user to obtain other/related packages (from OS/distro dev or computer MFR). So in such cases, next best option is: obtain the //(src/bin)// package from original author's website for your OS/distro via secure conneciton. //(Package's source (src) code/file needs to be compiled to build package's binary/executable (bin) file⒮)//. If original author shares only source, then that means author wants you to compile source. So your next best option is: compile the source obtained from original author/developer, after you patched the source to make it compatible & compilable for your OS/distro. Compile //(compilation)// process builds package's binary //(aka: executable)//, etc file(s). If previous steps are not possible for you, //(because, "patching" requires software development, and OS/distro platform, and harwdare platform based knowledge, etc)// then in such cases using 3rd-party package-manager //(pkg-mngr)// may be necessary for you. Some //(3rd-party)// pkg-mngr by default downloads package's source //(and dependencies / pre-requisites)// & also auto compiles it in your OS/distro to create/build binary file(s). Usually package's maintainer patches the original-source to make it suitable for compile/run in target OS/distro. Some //(3rd-party)// pkg-mngr downloads binary that is pre-built with already patched source for your OS/distro. When binaries are properly compiled & built in your own OS/distro then that is more trustworthy & better, than faster & directly download (pre-built) binaries. "Trust" is more important & safer & secure, than "Fast"/"Slow". macOS has native pkg-mngr known as ''App Store'', it has various or too many unfair restrictions & walls, set by macOS dev apple, does not allow various types of open-source apps, etc, So that is why sometime we need to use 3rd-party pkg-mngr. You must not download & compile & use source //(src)// or binary //(bin)// from any non-original author website or post. Either download src/bin over secure/encrypted connection from original-author's website, OR, you must use OpenPGP/GPG/PGP based authentication to make sure downloaded src/bin is indeed actually released by actual original author. Pkg-manager tool internally includes option to use //(some form of)// authentication & verification for any download. |
| |
| **1**. **[[https://Brew.sh/|Homebrew]]:**\\ | **1**. **[[https://Brew.sh/|Homebrew]]:**\\ |
| it is opensource & free //(3rd-party)// pkg-mngr for macOS, etc. | it is opensource & free //(3rd-party)// pkg-mngr for macOS, etc. Homebrew was built 7yrs after MacPorts pkg-mngr //(formerly known as ''DarwinPorts'')//. |
| |
| ● Notice / WARNING / __CAUTION__ **:** homebrew is opensource pkg-mngr but this tool is programmed by it's developers to share user's usage & private data with Ggl (including IP-address, which is private & tracking data), [[wp>Criticism_of_Google|Ggl]] stores user's all data forever for whatever purpose they want to use it for<sup>[[https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=11566720|1]], [[https://docs.brew.sh/Analytics|2]]</sup>, homebrew also changes permission where it should avoid<sup>[[https://applehelpwriter.com/2018/03/21/how-homebrew-invites-users-to-get-pwned/|1]]</sup>. | ● Notice / WARNING / __CAUTION__ **:** homebrew is opensource pkg-mngr but this tool uses Google Analytics to collect usage telemetry. If you use homebrew: use OPT OUT option/command, <code bash>brew analytics off</code> or by setting <code bash>export HOMEBREW_NO_ANALYTICS=1</code> |
| * You can/may **avoid //(or skip)// reading below paragraphs under this "Warning" section**, //(if you want to)//. | |
| * if cigarette can have cancer warning on smoking, then other life-threatning or very harmful or human-rights violating things also needs to have warning / caution / notice label. Excessive data collection & sharing by Ggl & similar other businesses have caused life-threat or grave harms for multiple individuals, //(and also in mass-scale)//. Criminals have-to register & notify various database to show where they are located, and criminals cannot locate themselves close to non-criminals areas. See more info, court case info on Ggl & similar others: [[https://www.BBC.co.uk/news/technology-11827862|1]], [[https://www.HRW.org/english/docs/2006/08/09/china13940.htm|2]], [[https://www.TheGuardian.com/world/2013/jun/06/us-tech-giants-nsa-data|3]], [[http://GeekFeminism.org/2010/06/10/hacker-news-and-pseudonymity/|4]], [[http://curia.Europa.eu/jcms/jcms/P_127116/|5]], [[https://www.NYTIMES.com/2014/05/14/technology/google-should-erase-web-links-to-some-personal-data-europes-highest-court-says.html|6]], [[https://www.Reuters.com/article/us-google-privacy-france-idUSBREA161BS20140207|7]], [[https://www.Bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601109&sid=agImLlGaNKaw&refer=home|8]], [[https://www.NYTIMES.com/2013/11/19/technology/google-to-pay-17-million-to-settle-privacy-case.html?partner=rss&emc=rss|9]], [[https://www.NYTIMES.com/2019/09/04/technology/google-youtube-fine-ftc.html|10]], [[https://www.NYTIMES.com/2013/06/07/us/nsa-verizon-calls.html|11]], [[https://www.Salon.com/2014/02/05/4_ways_google_is_destroying_privacy_and_collecting_your_data_partner/|12]], [[http://EPIC.org/privacy/gmail/faq.html#13|13]], [[https://web.archive.org/web/20100528181755/http://finance.yahoo.com/news/Google-grabs-personal-info-apf-2162289993.html?x=0|14]], [[https://www.ComputerBase.de/2011-09/google-plus-klarnamenzwang-disput-verwirrt-unionspolitiker/|15]], [[http://www.DW-World.de/dw/article/0,,6006085,00.html|16]], [[http://SeerPress.com/czech-republic-blocks-googles-data-mapping-feature/7691/|17]], [[https://www.ZDnet.com/article/dutch-government-report-says-microsoft-office-telemetry-collection-breaks-gdpr/|18]], [[https://www.ASPI.org.au/report/uyghurs-sale|19]], [[https://www.ACLU.org/blog/national-security-technology-and-liberty/aclu-files-lawsuit-challenging-nsas-patriot-act-phone|20]], [[https://web.archive.org/web/20130609085431/http://www.paul.senate.gov/?p=press_release&id=838|21]], few more [[wp>Google_litigation|here]]. | |
| * Assistance to such mass scale data theft / collection activities are also given & provided by, and supported + promoted by (official/unofficial) partners, supporters & enablers & software developers, etc. All of them are assisting & submitting private<sup>[[wp>Right_to_privacy|1]], [[wp>Information_privacy|2]], [[wp>Consumer_protection|3]], [[wp>Consumer_privacy|4]]</sup> & tracking data into Ggl & others. So all of our all activities are digitally tracked / recorded //(without court warrants)//, it means we are all inside virtual / cyber / digital jail(s), we are arrested+observed+monitored inside jail(s) without commiting crime and despite our objections to any such jails(s), such //[[wp>Privacy_concerns_regarding_Google|(anti privacy-rights, anti freedom/liberty, etc) activities]]//<sup>[[wp>Invasion_of_privacy|1]]</sup> are not only unconstitutional in USA<sup>[[wp>Privacy_laws_of_the_United_States#Constitutional_basis_for_right_to_privacy|1]], [[wp>Fourth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution|2]], [[wp>California_Consumer_Privacy_Act|3]], [[wp>Consumer_protection|4]]</sup>, those activities also violating international<sup>[[https://research.un.org/udhr70/12-21|1]]</sup> agreements & laws<sup>[[wp>Right_to_privacy|1]], [[wp>Privacy_law|2]], [[wp>Information_privacy_law|3]]</sup> on human-rights<sup>[[https://www.UN.org/en/about-us/universal-declaration-of-human-rights|1]], [[wp>General_Data_Protection_Regulation|2]]</sup>, & such activities also create more opportunities for more mass scale crimes & violations & exploitations, & also create more opportunities to go after //(or target)// specific individual human/person(s). | |
| * if you use homebrew**:** then use OPT OUT option/command in homebrew, to opt out from their data collection/theft of your usage/personal data, and that is not enough, also load specific site connection blocker //(to block Ggl [[wp>Privacy_concerns_regarding_Google|Analytic]], etc)// configuration or settings in your computer or in your firewall app/rule or in your computer's ''hosts''<sup>[[https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts|1]]</sup> file. | |
| * macOS (until 10.14.x macOS Mojave) uses ''/etc/hosts'' file, & macOS (10.15.x) Catalina uses ''/private/etc/hosts'' file. <code>0.0.0.0 google-analytics.com | |
| 0.0.0.0 www.google-analytics.com</code> | |
| * sometime above ''hosts'' file based solution is not-enough : ip-addresses (and ranges) of Ggl Analytic site need to be blocked carefully via firewall rules, for specific app(s)/tool(s). | |
| * Most of the time, private data & private tracking-data theft / collection / recording by //(Ggl or other)// search engine is not possible to block normally at all. Whenever you or an app/tool connects with //(Ggl or other)// search engine **directly** to search for something, then that //(Ggl or other)// search engine can collect / record ip-address, search string, app info, USER-AGENT info, etc various private & tracking data/info, and then some search engine company/corporation //(in.example: Ggl)// stores such private & tracking data permanently forever. So also see: [[https://stackoverflow.com/a/1251931|1]], [[wp>Search_engine_privacy|2]], [[https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2020/03/google-says-it-doesnt-sell-your-data-heres-how-company-shares-monetizes-and|eff]]. | |
| * so to overcome this type of mass-scale & human-rights violating data tracking & theft, you would need to use proxy or VPN or Tor or SSH based **indirect** connection //(or tunnel or network-connection)// into //(Ggl or other)// search engine. Search engine //(in.example: Ggl)// will still record/steal ip-address tracking //(and other private)// data //(forever)// but that will be VPN or Tor or SSH or proxy exit-point's ip-address. | |
| * do not encourage //(your family or)// others to expand data theft or digital jail or more abuse or more violation. | |
| * create //(tiny or small or big)// barriers/obstacles for greedy monsters & criminals who are recording private data.\\ private data is your private property. your voice, your face, your fingerprint, your body, your private-key, your own //(personal & private)// data, etc are your private property. if any software transfers/stores/copies these private data out of your device into any type of remote server or remote cloud or remote processing, then it violated your privacy rights & other human-rights. //( CPU, GPU, etc are now powerful to process such data inside a computing device. Even if it is slow to process, private data cannot goto remote/cloud location, if it goes then it does not remain "private" anymore, & that is a violation. Privacy & security of private data, etc are more important for human safety than convenience of "fast"/"faster" word based deceptive responses )//.\\ your family is your family property, your family is not any other family's or any other non-family person's property. but you do not have right to violate human-rights on even your own family members.\\ to prevent violations & to prevent spread of harm & to prevent impunity for crimes //(or violations)//, when any private //(or public)// entity //(or association or business)// which begins to store/collect multiple other public / person's info, or when begins to do any type of business or when begins to provide service for multiple people/person, then this type of entity //(or association or business)// MUST be under inspection, oversight, accountability, etc. public element of accountability data must be made available to public, so that public is informed & can take informed decision.\\ access to information is human-rights //(essential for human brain & healthy mind)//, in the way: access to water is human-rights //(essential for human body)//.\\ if such entity //(or association or business)// can operate with impunity of their crimes & human-rights violations & consumer-rights violations, then it is not-good & not-beneficial entity in the long run for human //(or earth)//.\\ Human-rights violating laws passed by corrupt group of politicians or brainwashed (or ignorant or unbalancely informed) citizens are actually not-good law & actually not-"law" //(such is "corruption" & "violation" & "injustice", "inequality" etc)// & such is not-good for human / family / society / community / country / earth in the long run.\\ in.example: if you mock or say to a person without shirt, he is inferior than you //(or your brother or your father)//, after you //(or your brother or your father)// steal the shirt from him //(or from his brother or father, who were to give the shirt to him)//, etc, then YOU are inferior, as loss of shirt situation is created by you //(or your brother or your father)//, you not only abused the person verbally //(knowingly or unknowingly)//, you //(or your brother or your father)// also deprived the person from what he was to receive.\\ And after you create obstacle(s) for recording ip-address tracking, etc data, we strongly request to you/user, that you/user also MUST not engage into any type of human-rights violating or criminal or abusive activities, you/user MUST have to uphold //(good)// moralities & ethics & humanity that is beneficial for ALL human/people, for earth/environment, etc, for now & future generations.\\ Inside cyber //(aka: digital, virtual, internet)// world, your encryption //(aka: crypto)// key //(or certificate)// is your helmet + shirt/jacket + pant + shoe protection/tool to keey your body protected / shielded from natural or artifical harms. Create multiple crypto keys, create multi-layer encrypted connections to destination(s), to create delay in decryption/theft of data. Connect with others in related fields to continue to improve your keys & connection security. Trustworthy beneficial encryption creates protection & safety & security for life-saving devices/tools inside digital/cyber world. Do not support entities who undermine this essential //(aka: fundamental)// protection. | |
| |
| | |
| **2**. **[[https://www.MacPorts.org/|MacPorts]]:**\\ | **2**. **[[https://www.MacPorts.org/|MacPorts]]:**\\ |
| it is opensource & free //(3rd party)// pkg-mngr //(package manager)// for macOS, etc, & it does not steal your usage/private data. MacPorts [[https://guide.macports.org/|guide]]. It can obtain source and binary packages.\\ | it is opensource & free //(3rd party)// pkg-mngr //(package manager)// for macOS, etc, & it does not steal your usage/private data. MacPorts [[https://guide.macports.org/|guide]]. It can obtain source or binary or both //(for most)// package. After downloading source, it can auto compile in your OS/distro to create/build trustworthy binary files. MacPorts was created 7yrs before homebrew. [[wp>MacPorts|wp]].\\ |
| ● download/obtain MacPorts installer dmg/pkg file, install it. More info [[https://www.macports.org/install.php|here]].\\ | ● download/obtain MacPorts installer dmg/pkg file, install it. More info [[https://www.macports.org/install.php|here]].\\ |
| ● Before MacPorts is installed, your ''~/.bash_profile'' file (inside your home directory) may look close to like this**:** <code bash> | ● Before MacPorts is installed, your ''~/.bash_profile'' file (inside your home directory) may look close to like this**:** <code bash> |
| </code> | </code> |
| * in above we have disabled MacPorts based port package locations from PATH, but locations of MacPorts pkg-mngr itself are kept in PATH. The "PATH" is an essential environment variable which indicates the sequence of directories/folders where to look for a specific (executable) program. The changes we made, will allow newly installed (MacPorts) packages stay out of touch of other software which does not need to use them. These (MacPorts) packages are needed for development/build purpose of OpenWRT, so we will create a separate executable file (**''env.sh''**) to load PATH (and other build environment variables), which is suitable for using inside a shell-manager's specific shell TAB(s) only, for openwrt build/development purpose. See step/section **F** in below for details on creating this ''env.sh'' file. | * in above we have disabled MacPorts based port package locations from PATH, but locations of MacPorts pkg-mngr itself are kept in PATH. The "PATH" is an essential environment variable which indicates the sequence of directories/folders where to look for a specific (executable) program. The changes we made, will allow newly installed (MacPorts) packages stay out of touch of other software which does not need to use them. These (MacPorts) packages are needed for development/build purpose of OpenWRT, so we will create a separate executable file (**''env.sh''**) to load PATH (and other build environment variables), which is suitable for using inside a shell-manager's specific shell TAB(s) only, for openwrt build/development purpose. See step/section **F** in below for details on creating this ''env.sh'' file. |
| | |
| | Tips for MacPorts users**:** |
| | * to search for a pkg: ''port search --name --glob '*pkgName*' '' |
| | * to view info on a pkg: ''port info pkgName'' |
| | * to view what depencies are needed for a pkg: ''port deps pkgName'' |
| | * to install a pkg: ''sudo port install pkgName'' |
| |
| **3**. **[[https://www.pkgsrc.org/|pkgsrc]]:**\\ | **3**. **[[https://www.pkgsrc.org/|pkgsrc]]:**\\ |
| * if you need ''picocom'' tool to communicate with router via [[:docs:techref:hardware:port.serial|serial]] adapter/cable<sup>[[:docs:techref:hardware:port.serial.cables|1]]</sup> connection, then**:** <code bash>sudo port install picocom</code> | * if you need ''picocom'' tool to communicate with router via [[:docs:techref:hardware:port.serial|serial]] adapter/cable<sup>[[:docs:techref:hardware:port.serial.cables|1]]</sup> connection, then**:** <code bash>sudo port install picocom</code> |
| * if you need last stable ''openssh'' (aka: ''ssh''), ''sftp'', ''scp'' tools for [[:docs:guide-quick-start:sshadministration|secure]] communication or file-transfer, then**:** <code bash>sudo port install openssh</code> | * if you need last stable ''openssh'' (aka: ''ssh''), ''sftp'', ''scp'' tools for [[:docs:guide-quick-start:sshadministration|secure]] communication or file-transfer, then**:** <code bash>sudo port install openssh</code> |
| * if you need TFTP daemon/server (''tftpd'') to [[:docs:guide-user:troubleshooting:tftpserver|receive]] files from router, then**:** <code bash>sudo port install tftp-hpa</code> | |
| * if you need to use last stable ''telnet''<sup>[[:toh:netgear:telnet.console|1]]</sup>, ''ftp'', ''rsh'', ''rlogin'', ''tftp''<sup>[[:docs:guide-user:troubleshooting:tftpserver|1]]</sup> tools and corresponding daemons/servers, then**:** <code bash>sudo port install inetutils</code> | * if you need to use last stable ''telnet''<sup>[[:toh:netgear:telnet.console|1]]</sup>, ''ftp'', ''rsh'', ''rlogin'', ''tftp''<sup>[[:docs:guide-user:troubleshooting:tftpserver|1]]</sup> tools and corresponding daemons/servers, then**:** <code bash>sudo port install inetutils</code> |
| * if you need other type of bundled packages, then look here: [[https://ports.macports.org/search/?q=utils&name=on|1]].\\ \\ | * if you need other type of bundled packages, then look here: [[https://ports.macports.org/search/?q=utils&name=on|1]]. |
| | * if you need other TFTP daemon/server (''tftpd''), then you may try below. TFTP server alows to [[:docs:guide-user:troubleshooting:tftpserver|receive]] files from router, or allows (bricked) router to boot from TFTP server, etc**:** <code bash>sudo port install tftp-hpa</code> |
| * if you need these type of tools, (more info: [[https://ports.macports.org/category/cross/|1]]), then**:** <code bash>sudo port install arm-elf-binutils i386-elf-binutils m68k-elf-binutils mips-elf-binutils x86_64-elf-binutils</code> | * if you need these type of tools, (more info: [[https://ports.macports.org/category/cross/|1]]), then**:** <code bash>sudo port install arm-elf-binutils i386-elf-binutils m68k-elf-binutils mips-elf-binutils x86_64-elf-binutils</code> |
| \\ | \\ |
| ● __XQuartz__ ([[https://www.xquartz.org/|dev]], [[wp>XQuartz|wp]], [[https://github.com/XQuartz/XQuartz|src]], [[https://github.com/XQuartz/XQuartz/releases/|dnld]]) : it allows cross-platform (GNU-Linux, etc) apps/tools (which were developed to use ''X11'' GUI), to run on macOS & use macOS's native ''Quartz'' GUI, etc. Many GUI apps/tools need this. It is opensource tool. | ● __XQuartz__ ([[https://www.xquartz.org/|dev]], [[wp>XQuartz|wp]], [[https://github.com/XQuartz/XQuartz|src]], [[https://github.com/XQuartz/XQuartz/releases/|dnld]]) : it allows cross-platform (GNU-Linux, etc) apps/tools (which were developed to use ''X11'' GUI), to run on macOS & use macOS's native ''Quartz'' GUI, etc. Many GUI apps/tools need this. It is opensource tool. |
| |
| ● __PeaZip__ ([[https://peazip.github.io/|dev]], [[https://sourceforge.net/projects/peazip/files/|dnld]], [[https://github.com/peazip/PeaZip|src]], [[wp>PeaZip|wp]], [[wp>Comparison_of_file_archivers|comparison]]) : it is a free & opensource archiver (zip, compress) & unarchiver (unzip, decompress) app/tool. GUI //(Graphical User Interface)// based. Allows to create: 7Z, ARC, Brotli, BZ2 (BZip), GZ (GZip), PAQ/ZPAQ, PEA, QUAD/BALZ/BCM, sfx, TAR, WIM, XZ, ZPAQ, ZIP, Zstandard, etc, and peazip allows to Open & Extract 200+ file types: ACE, CAB, DEB, ISO, RAR, UDF, ZIPX, etc. | ● __PeaZip__ ([[https://peazip.github.io/|dev]], [[https://sourceforge.net/projects/peazip/files/|dnld]], [[https://github.com/peazip/PeaZip|src]], [[wp>PeaZip|wp]], [[wp>Comparison_of_file_archivers|comparison]]) : it is a free & opensource archiver (zip, compress) & unarchiver (unzip, decompress) app/tool. GUI //(Graphical User Interface)// based. Allows to create: 7Z, ARC, Brotli, BZ2 (BZip), GZ (GZip), PAQ/ZPAQ, PEA, QUAD/BALZ/BCM, sfx, TAR, WIM, XZ, ZPAQ, ZIP, Zstandard, etc, and peazip allows to Open & Extract 200+ file types: ACE, CAB, DEB, ISO, RAR, UDF, ZIPX, etc. Do not download this app from any other website. |
| |
| ● __GnuPG for OSX__ ([[https://sourceforge.net/projects/gpgosx/|dev]], [[https://sourceforge.net/projects/gpgosx/files/|dnld]]) : verifies file's/message's authenticity. GnuPG is aka //(also known as)// GPG. We need this tool to verify/authenticate downloaded files //(or messages)// to find-out whether files //(or messages)// are indeed what actual file //(or message)// creator/author/developer actually released/shared/created/sent, So this tool will indicate/tell us whether received files //(or messages)// were modified/altered/changed/abused/corrupted by someone or some-device in the middle of file/msg travel path or during file/msg travel path, or this tool will indicate to us NO modification was done during file/msg travel path. File's //(or message's)// actual creator/developer shares their //([[https://gnupg.org/|GnuPG]]/[[wp>GNU_Privacy_Guard|GPG]] or PGP or [[wp>Pretty_Good_Privacy#OpenPGP|OpenPGP]] based)// crypto //([[wp>Public-key_cryptography|cryptographic]])// digital **pub**-key file as **pub** file or as **asc** file with public. Most trustworthy way to obtain such pub-key is: goto a [[wp>Key_signing_party|KSP]] or conference and meet actual file/msg creator/developer & obtain pub-key file directly, (or else, the next (slightly-less) trustworthy solution is: use [[wp>Web_of_trust|WoT]] & inspect pub-key components to compare & verify a pub-key's authenticity). File/msg creator/developer [[wp>Digital_signature|signs]] main-file //(or main-msg)// with their **prv**-key, & that creates an unique **sig** //(signature)// file for a main-file //(or main-msg)//, then file/msg creator/dev shares main-file //(or main-msg)// & sig-file with public. This (GnuPG) tool can use sig-file, pub-key file, & main-file //(or main-msg)//, & can indicate if the main-file //(or main-msg)// was actually released by the actual holder of the pub-key, or not. Install a GUI frontend / wrapper for this tool. | ● __GnuPG for OSX__ ([[https://sourceforge.net/projects/gpgosx/|dev]], [[https://sourceforge.net/projects/gpgosx/files/|dnld]]) : verifies file's/message's authenticity. [[https://gnupg.org/|GnuPG]] is aka //(also known as)// [[wp>GNU_Privacy_Guard|GPG]]. We need this tool to verify/authenticate downloaded files //(or messages)// to find-out whether files //(or messages)// are indeed what actual file //(or message)// creator/author/developer actually released/shared/created/sent, So this tool will indicate/tell us whether received files //(or messages)// were modified/altered/changed/abused/corrupted by someone or some-device in the middle of file/msg travel path or during file/msg travel path, or this tool will indicate to us NO modification was done during file/msg travel path. File's //(or message's)// actual creator/developer shares their //(GnuPG/GPG or PGP or [[wp>Pretty_Good_Privacy#OpenPGP|OpenPGP]] based)// crypto //([[wp>Public-key_cryptography|cryptographic]])// digital **pub**-key file as **pub** file or as **asc** file with public. Most trustworthy way to obtain such pub-key is: goto a [[wp>Key_signing_party|KSP]] or conference and meet actual file/msg creator/developer & obtain pub-key file directly, (or else, the next (slightly-less) trustworthy solution is: use [[wp>Web_of_trust|WoT]] & inspect pub-key components to compare & verify a pub-key's authenticity). File/msg creator/developer [[wp>Digital_signature|signs]] main-file //(or main-msg)// with their **prv**-key, & that creates an unique **sig** //(signature)// file for a main-file //(or main-msg)//, then file/msg creator/dev shares main-file //(or main-msg)// & sig-file with public. This (GnuPG) tool can use sig-file, pub-key file, & main-file //(or main-msg)//, & can indicate if the main-file //(or main-msg)// was actually released by the actual holder of the pub-key, or not. Install a GUI frontend / wrapper for this tool. |
| * to know directory location of installed ''gpg2'' which your system will find (via PATH env var) & use, run **:** ''which gpg2'' | * to know directory location of installed ''gpg2'' which your system will find (via PATH env var) & use, run **:** ''which gpg2'' |
| * the GnuPG tool can also be loaded via MacPorts pkg-mngr, when you run this command **:** ''sudo port install gnupg2'' | * the GnuPG tool can also be loaded via MacPorts pkg-mngr, when you run this command **:** ''sudo port install gnupg2'' |
| ● __TimeUTC__ ([[https://apps.apple.com/us/app/timeutc/id1293572792?mt=12|AppStore]]) : it can add a second date & clock in your topside apple menu bar, to display current UTC time & date. freeware. | ● __TimeUTC__ ([[https://apps.apple.com/us/app/timeutc/id1293572792?mt=12|AppStore]]) : it can add a second date & clock in your topside apple menu bar, to display current UTC time & date. freeware. |
| |
| ● __FileZilla__ ([[https://filezilla-project.org/|dev]], [[https://filezilla-project.org/download.php?type=client|dnld]], [[https://svn.filezilla-project.org/filezilla/FileZilla3/|src]], [[wp>Comparison_of_FTP_client_software|comparison]]) : it is a client app for FTP, FTP over TLS (FTPS), SFTP SSH, SFTP. Opensource & free & GUI based. | ● __PumpKIN__ ([[https://kin.klever.net/pumpkin/|dev]], [[https://kin.klever.net/pumpkin/repository/|src]]<sup>[[https://github.com/hacker/pumpkin|2]]</sup>, [[https://kin.klever.net/pumpkin/binaries/|dnld]]) : opensource & free & GUI based. it is a TFTP server & client app, //(with builtin TFTP server & client functionalities)//. For macOS //(and Windows)//. It was tested & can run on macOS ''Mountain Lion''. TFTP can abused/exploited to do harmful things, so keep it firewalled or disable it after you are done working with this app, and also disable it when you pause to work on something else. Do not keep this running. More info [[:docs:guide-user:troubleshooting:tftpserver|here]]. |
| |
| ● __ProFTPD__ ([[http://www.proftpd.org/ProFTPD|dev]], [[https://github.com/proftpd/proftpd/releases|dnld]], [[https://github.com/proftpd/proftpd|src]]) : For FTP / FTPS / SFTP server. opensource & free. | ● __FileZilla__ ([[https://filezilla-project.org/|dev]], [[https://filezilla-project.org/download.php?type=client|dnld]], [[https://svn.filezilla-project.org/filezilla/FileZilla3/|src]], [[wp>Comparison_of_FTP_client_software|comparison]]) : it is a client app for FTP, FTP over TLS (FTPS), SFTP SSH, SFTP. Opensource & free & GUI based. Do not download this app from any other website. |
| * And also get web (GUI) based admin interface app __proFTPd-admin__ (from [[https://sourceforge.net/projects/proftpd-adm/|here]]) for ProFTPD. | |
| | ● __ProFTPD__ ([[http://www.proftpd.org/ProFTPD|dev]], [[https://github.com/proftpd/proftpd/releases|dnld]], [[https://github.com/proftpd/proftpd|src]], [[wp>Comparison_of_FTP_client_software|comparison]]) : For FTP / FTPS / SFTP server. opensource & free. CLI based. Get a GUI frontend / wrapper for this tool. |
| | * And also get web (GUI) based admin interface app __proFTPd-admin__ (from [[https://sourceforge.net/projects/proftpd-adm/|here]]) for ProFTPD. Do not keep this app running, when you pause to work on something else. It can be abused / exploited to do harmful things. |
| |
| ● __Github Desktop for Mac__ ([[https://desktop.github.com/|dev]]) : allows a developer user to access & collaborate & develop software, etc on Github.com site. GUI based free app. | ● __Github Desktop for Mac__ ([[https://desktop.github.com/|dev]]) : allows a developer user to access & collaborate & develop software, etc on Github.com site. GUI based free app. |
| ● __Fugu__ ([[http://rsug.itd.umich.edu/software/fugu|dev]], [[https://sourceforge.net/p/fugussh/|src]]-2, [[wp>Fugu_(software)|wp]]) : a free & opensource & GUI based frontend / wrapper for OpenSSH ssh,sftp,scp, etc commandline tools. Very old, but still useful to handle SSH keys, etc. It is a SFTP client, SSH app. | ● __Fugu__ ([[http://rsug.itd.umich.edu/software/fugu|dev]], [[https://sourceforge.net/p/fugussh/|src]]-2, [[wp>Fugu_(software)|wp]]) : a free & opensource & GUI based frontend / wrapper for OpenSSH ssh,sftp,scp, etc commandline tools. Very old, but still useful to handle SSH keys, etc. It is a SFTP client, SSH app. |
| |
| ● __PuTTY__ ([[https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/|dev]], [[wp>PuTTY|wp]], [[https://git.tartarus.org/?p=simon/putty.git|src]], [[wp>Comparison_of_SSH_clients|comparison]]) : it is a free & open-source terminal emulator, serial console and network file transfer tool, & supports several network protocols: SCP, SSH, Telnet, rlogin, and raw socket connection. Actually developed for Windows OS, but has been ported into MacPorts pkg-mngr to use in macOS. GUI based. To install via Macports pkg-mngr, run**:** ''sudo port install putty'' | ● __PuTTY__ ([[https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/|dev]], [[wp>PuTTY|wp]], [[https://git.tartarus.org/?p=simon/putty.git|src]]) : it is a free & open-source terminal emulator, serial console and network file transfer tool, & supports several network protocols: SCP, SSH, Telnet, rlogin, and raw socket connection. Actually developed for Windows OS, but has been ported into MacPorts pkg-mngr to use in macOS. GUI based. To install via Macports pkg-mngr, run**:** ''sudo port install putty'' |
| * PuTTY in MacPorts needs these dependencies //(these wil be auto-loaded by macports)//**:** pkgconfig, gtk2. And ''gtk2'' needs these dependenicies**:** gtk-doc, pkgconfig, perl5, autoconf, automake, libtool, xz, atk, pango, gdk-pixbuf2, gobject-introspection, xorg-libXi, xorg-libXrandr, xorg-libXcursor, xorg-libXinerama, xorg-libXdamage, xorg-libXcomposite, xorg-libXfixes, shared-mime-info, hicolor-icon-theme. | * PuTTY in MacPorts needs these dependencies //(these wil be auto-loaded by macports)//**:** pkgconfig, gtk2. And ''gtk2'' needs these dependenicies**:** gtk-doc, pkgconfig, perl5, autoconf, automake, libtool, xz, atk, pango, gdk-pixbuf2, gobject-introspection, xorg-libXi, xorg-libXrandr, xorg-libXcursor, xorg-libXinerama, xorg-libXdamage, xorg-libXcomposite, xorg-libXfixes, shared-mime-info, hicolor-icon-theme. |
| |
| ● __Deluge__ ([[https://deluge-torrent.org/|dev]], [[https://ftp.osuosl.org/pub/deluge/mac_osx/?C=M;O=D|dnld]], [[wp>Comparison_of_BitTorrent_clients|comparison]]) : a bittorrent network based file-sharing software. free & opensource. Encrypt or Password protect files before sharing, & share password via a separate (private) channel. Filename can have contact info if you wish to be contacted, but remember that such contact info will also be abused by someone out there. More info [[https://dev.deluge-torrent.org/wiki/Installing/MacOSX#MacPorts|here]]. | ● __Deluge__ ([[https://deluge-torrent.org/|dev]], [[https://ftp.osuosl.org/pub/deluge/mac_osx/?C=M;O=D|dnld]], [[wp>Comparison_of_BitTorrent_clients|comparison]]) : a bittorrent network based file-sharing software. free & opensource. Encrypt or Password protect files before sharing, & share password via a separate (private) channel. Filename can have contact info if you wish to be contacted, but remember that such contact info will also be abused by someone out there. More info [[https://dev.deluge-torrent.org/wiki/Installing/MacOSX#MacPorts|here]]. |
| |
| ● __Thunderbird__ ([[https://www.thunderbird.net/|dev]], [[https://www.thunderbird.net/thunderbird/all/|dnld]], [[https://hg.mozilla.org/comm-central|src]], [[wp>Comparison_of_email_clients|comparison]]) : multi data communication-protocol supporting client, but more commonly known as an Email client app //(for viewing, reading, sending emails)//, so it is a PIM<sup>[[wp>Personal_information_manager|1]]</sup>/PDM<sup>[[wp>Personal_data_manager|1]]</sup> client //(that supports personal/private information like: emails, address-book, calendar dates, emails, instant messages, passwords, alerts, browsing site data, etc, etc)//. Thunderbird is free & opensource. It is also client app/tool for: newsfeeds<sup>[[wp>List_of_Usenet_newsreaders|1]]</sup>/newsgroups<sup>[[wp>List_of_newsgroups|1]], [[wp>Comparison_of_Usenet_newsreaders|2]]</sup> //(NNTP<sup>[[wp>NNTP|1]]</sup> client, NNTPS)// , web feeds<sup>[[wp>Comparison_of_feed_aggregators|1]], [[https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/how-subscribe-news-feeds-and-blogs|2]]</sup> //(news aggregators<sup>[[wp>News_aggregator|1]]</sup>, like: Atom<sup>[[wp>Atom_(Web_standard)|1]]</sup>, RSS<sup>[[wp>RSS|1]]</sup>, etc)// client, instant messaging<sup>[[https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/instant-messaging-and-chat|1]]</sup> //(aka: chat<sup>[[wp>Chat_client|1]]</sup> networks, like IRC<sup>[[wp>IRC|1]]</sup>, XMPP<sup>[[wp>XMPP|1]]</sup>, Google-Talk, <del>Twitter</del>, Odnoklassniki, etc)// client, address auto-completion (LDAP) client, etc. Thunderbird contains core/engine of Mozilla Firefox web-browser, which allows thunderbird to connect with various types of web-servers / web-sites to use various web-services, as a HTTP/HTTPS, & other protocols cleints, and firefox web-browser core also allows thunderbird to open<sup>[[https://addons.thunderbird.net/thunderbird/addon/browseintab/|1]], [[https://addons.thunderbird.net/thunderbird/addon/new-tab-button/|2]], [[https://addons.thunderbird.net/thunderbird/addon/open-tab/|3]]</sup> multiple web-browser tab(s) //(inside thunderbird)// to be used by users, manually. Send yourself email //(or chat-msg)// with URL-links to various web-site services, then inside thinderbird right-click on link //(inside email or chat-msg)// & select the option to open the link inside a New Tab inside thunderbird<sup>[[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/63253091/|1]]</sup>, in this way you can use/access various WebMails<sup>[[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/63253091/|1]], [[wp>Comparison_of_webmail_providers|2]]</sup>, Twitter<sup>[[https://m.twitter.com/|1]]</sup>, etc. More info on how to approve cookies & JS for such web-service website and dependent 3rd-party web-services //(inside thunderbird)//, are explained [[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/63253091/|here]]. Thunderbird addons can also allow access to various web-services more easily: Google-Chat<sup>[[https://addons.thunderbird.net/thunderbird/addon/google-chat-tab/|1]]</sup>, Skype-WebApp<sup>[[https://addons.thunderbird.net/thunderbird/addon/skypewebapp/|1]]</sup>, Telegram-Web<sup>[[https://addons.thunderbird.net/thunderbird/addon/telegramwebapp/|1]], [[https://addons.thunderbird.net/thunderbird/addon/telegram-web-in-thunderbird/|2]]</sup>. This type of app is very helpful to keep multi channel communications with openwrt & other various project developers, and to test your own servers. Get firefox addon uBlock Origin<sup>[[https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/ublock-origin/|1]]</sup>, & load into Thunderbird, that addon allows you to stop un-approved Advertisements that are using+stealing your computing (CPU, GPU, etc) resources, & internet //(limited & costly)// data allotments from your ISP, etc, without your consent/permission/approval, and these advertisers also DO NOT PAY you any FEE after they used your computing & data resources. | ● __Thunderbird__ ([[https://www.thunderbird.net/|dev]], [[https://www.thunderbird.net/thunderbird/all/|dnld]], [[https://hg.mozilla.org/comm-central|src]], [[wp>Comparison_of_email_clients|comparison]]) : multi data communication-protocol supporting client, but more commonly known as an Email client app //(for viewing, reading, sending emails)//, so it is a PIM<sup>[[wp>Personal_information_manager|1]]</sup>/PDM<sup>[[wp>Personal_data_manager|1]]</sup> client //(that supports personal/private information like: emails, address-book, calendar dates, emails, instant messages, passwords, alerts, browsing site data, etc, etc)//. Thunderbird is free & opensource. It is also client app/tool for: newsfeeds<sup>[[wp>List_of_Usenet_newsreaders|1]]</sup>/newsgroups<sup>[[wp>List_of_newsgroups|1]], [[wp>Comparison_of_Usenet_newsreaders|2]]</sup> //(NNTP<sup>[[wp>NNTP|1]]</sup> client, NNTPS)// , web feeds<sup>[[wp>Comparison_of_feed_aggregators|1]], [[https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/how-subscribe-news-feeds-and-blogs|2]]</sup> //(news aggregators<sup>[[wp>News_aggregator|1]]</sup>, like: Atom<sup>[[wp>Atom_(Web_standard)|1]]</sup>, RSS<sup>[[wp>RSS|1]]</sup>, etc)// client, instant messaging<sup>[[https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/instant-messaging-and-chat|1]]</sup> //(aka: chat<sup>[[wp>Chat_client|1]]</sup> networks, like IRC<sup>[[wp>IRC|1]]</sup>, XMPP<sup>[[wp>XMPP|1]]</sup>, Google-Talk, <del>Twitter</del>, Odnoklassniki, etc)// client, address auto-completion (LDAP) client, etc. Thunderbird contains core/engine of Mozilla Firefox web-browser, which allows thunderbird to connect with various types of web-servers / web-sites to use various web-services as HTTP/HTTPS protocols cleints & as other protocols cleints, and firefox web-browser core also allows thunderbird to open<sup>[[https://addons.thunderbird.net/thunderbird/addon/browseintab/|1]], [[https://addons.thunderbird.net/thunderbird/addon/new-tab-button/|2]], [[https://addons.thunderbird.net/thunderbird/addon/open-tab/|3]]</sup> multiple web-browser tab(s) //(inside thunderbird)// to be used by users, manually. Send yourself //(a HTML based)// email //(or chat-msg)// with URL-links to various web-site services, then inside thinderbird right-click on link //(inside email or chat-msg)// & select the option to open the link inside a New Tab inside thunderbird<sup>[[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/63253091/|1]]</sup>, in this way you can use/access various WebMails<sup>[[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/63253091/|1]], [[wp>Comparison_of_webmail_providers|2]]</sup>, Twitter<sup>[[https://m.twitter.com/|1]]</sup>, etc. More info on how to approve cookies & JS for such web-service website and dependent 3rd-party web-services //(inside thunderbird)//, are explained [[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/63253091/|here]]. Thunderbird addons can also allow access to various web-services more easily: Google-Chat<sup>[[https://addons.thunderbird.net/thunderbird/addon/google-chat-tab/|1]]</sup>, Skype-WebApp<sup>[[https://addons.thunderbird.net/thunderbird/addon/skypewebapp/|1]]</sup>, Telegram-Web<sup>[[https://addons.thunderbird.net/thunderbird/addon/telegramwebapp/|1]], [[https://addons.thunderbird.net/thunderbird/addon/telegram-web-in-thunderbird/|2]]</sup>, Google-Voice<sup>[[https://addons.thunderbird.net/thunderbird/addon/open-google-voice/|1]]</sup>, ProtonMail-Encryption-Status<sup>[[https://addons.thunderbird.net/thunderbird/addon/protonmail-encryption-status/|1]]</sup>, regimail<sup>[[https://addons.thunderbird.net/thunderbird/addon/regimail/|1]]</sup>, Google-Calendar<sup>[[https://addons.thunderbird.net/thunderbird/addon/gcaltab/|1]], [[https://addons.thunderbird.net/thunderbird/addon/google-calendar-plugin/|2]]</sup>, M-Hub Lite<sup>[[https://addons.thunderbird.net/thunderbird/addon/m-hub-lite_microsft-office-365/|1]]</sup>, TbSync<sup>[[https://addons.thunderbird.net/thunderbird/addon/tbsync/ |